The Key Technology Of The Three Dimensional Display With High Resolution And Dense Viewpoints

When the people observe the world in the daily life, both the information of light intensity and direction can be obtained by the eyes.According to the light ray's direction, observers will judge the size and position of the objects around us. The traditional two-dimensional (2D)display can't satisfy the modern social's requirement of three-dimensional(3D) data. The 3D display can simulate the real scene in the objective world and enhance the authenticity of the expression content, which has urgent requirements in various fields. In the current years, the 3D display technology grows quickly. All the holographic display, the volumetric 3D display and the flat panel Auto-stereoscopic 3D display can provide stereoscopic vision for the viewer without any head-mounted auxiliary equipment. However, the current 3D display technologies have deficiencies in the resolution, viewing range, viewpoint numbers, display quality and size. In consideration of the above problems, the key technology of the 3D display with high resolution and dense viewpoints is researched in this paper.The research contents and innovational points of this paper are as follow:(1) Increaing viewpoint numbers of the flat panel Auto-stereoscopic 3D displayKey point 1: For the traditional 3D display based on parallax barrier,the resolution in the horizontal direction of the each view is inversely proportional to the view number. When the view number is increased, the viewing effect will be decreased. So it is very important to balance the resolution in the vertical and horizontal directions. Here, the 3D display with uniform resolution based on two parallax interleaved barriers is proposed. The two parallax interleaved barriers are used to modulate the pixels in vertical and horizontal directions, simultaneously. According to the geometry relationship, the parameters of the barriers can be obtained.Key point 2: For the traditional 3D display based on lenticular lens array, the number of viewpoints is proportional to the lens pitch. When the view number is increased, the pitch will be increased, simultaneously,which will decrease the display effect. Here, a 3D display with high dense viewpoints and the narrow pitch (which covers 5.333 sub-pixels) is presented. With the novel sub-pixels arrangement, the 3D effect with 32 viewpoints can be provided.(2) 3D display with smooth motion parallaxKey point 3: For the traditional 3D display based on lenticular lens array, there would be several viewing zones in front of the 3D display screen. The viewing jump appears between two adjacent viewing zones.Here, a natural 3D display with active partially pixelated masks are proposed to provide both binocular and motion parallax. The set of partially pixelated masks are used to control the pixels arrangement and pick up stereo images for the viewer. In the experiment, the viewing angle is 56°, the light intensity ripple is 0.9%, the displayed depth is more than 40 cm.Key point 4: To provide correct stereo effect for several viewers, a 3D display combining digitally generated tomograhic images with a lenticular lens array is demonstrated. To realize the smooth 3D display without view zone jumping, the reconstructed content needs to have the same viewing circle with the multi-view 3D display. Each viewing images have the structure with periodic extension. The displayed depth of each digitally generated layer can shift according to the design of the parallax images. The proposed 3D display system can provide 60°viewing angle and continuous viewpoints. To explain the relationship between depth information and the structure of parallax images, the angular spectrum analysis method is used.(3) 3D display with high resolutionKey point 5: A 3D display system with large number of projectors and high dense viewpoints is proposed. The optic screen is composed by a lenticular lens array and a diffused screen. For this system, the number of viewpoint is equal to the number of projectors, the resolution of each parallax image is decided by the projector's. Here, we design the arrangement of projectors to increase the density of viewpoints and enhance the depth range of 3D display.Key point 6: Here, a light field 3D display based on LCD, lens array and holographic functional screen is proposed. The coding image is displayed by the LCD. The lens array and holographic functional screen are used to modulate the content on the display panel. By this method,several display components with the same structure can be composed to increase the resolution of the whole system.(4) The integral imaging display with smooth motion parallax and accurate depth cuesKey point 7: A 3D display with smooth motion parallax, large number of viewpoints and large viewing angle is demonstrated, which is composed by a coded 2D image on a 50 inch LCD panel with the resolution of 3840×2160 and a microlens array. In the process of coding the image, the depth map is used to express the 3D shape and the elemental image is utilized as the texture to cover the surface of the designed structure. Multiple groups of the elemental images and depth map can be used to construct the complex 3D content.