Research On The Overwork Of Chinese College Teachers

College teachers are the main force of university education,personnel’s training is inseparable from the teachers,and college teachers are the key to improve the quality of higher education.We are looking forward to the bright future of higher education to increase national capacity,planning the indicators to create first-class university,calculate how long this journey to go,but do not understand what the status of college teachers.With the social competition increasing and the higher education reform in depth,college teachers are faced with higher professional requirements,more work tasks,more severe physical and mental challenges......overwork phenomenon has become increasingly and even become a working norm.However the college teacher’s flexible working hours let the public question their work input,this reality of the conflict has become the main reason for this topic.In this paper,we find the focus of the research by literature analysis,and use the methods of induction and deduction,empirical analysis and normative analysis,qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,static analysis and dynamic analysis,and find out the following points,it is also the innovation that may exist in this article:First,the overwork of college teachers is essentially a matter of labor supply(including both the supply of social labor and the supply of individual labor).First of all,use labor supply time,place,quality and process of economic theory,analysis of the formation of college teachers overwork principle;Secondly,analyzes the causes of college teachers’ work from macro,medium and micro levels;Thirdly,analyzes the characteristics and working characteristics of teachers’ human capital,which are mainly reflected in the degree of labor supply;Finally,puts forward the formation mechanism of college teachers’ overwork.Second,the paper analyzes the labor intensity of college teachers,and puts forward that college teachers’ labor intensity has both instrumental value and intrinsic value,and constructs the appropriate labor balance model of college teachers based on labor intensity.In the moderate labor balance point,the labor intensity makes the work to bring college teachers happy and sense of pain is just equal,slightly into this point,the work of the pain to produce the balance.The actual work can be extended to this point,that is: in a labor intensity range,the work of college teachers to bring the happiness and sense of interaction between the feelings of the young teachers in the body,the psychological can withstand the range,This is a moderate labor interval.Thirdly,the paper constructs the model of appropriate labor balance of college teachers,including cost-benefit curve,and puts the university level and social level into an analytical framework at the same time,and constructs the model of college teachers’ labor time decision when maximizing the interests of each group,and find : the university level of interest to maximize the time,the benefits of college teachers and society have been damaged;but for the whole social level,the university teachers are slightly overwork is conducive to the increase in total social income.Fourth,based on empirical research,find that: 1,C hina’s college teachers generally in overorked situation,slightly overworked college teachers accounted for 8.6%,moderate overwork accounted for 45.4%,heavy overworked acc ounted for 46%.2,There is a significant positive correlation between per capita GDP and regional per capita income and the degree of overwork of teachers in colleges and universities.3,The average score of college teachers ’average score is 74.43 points,and the average score of college teachers’ self-care level is 70.91 points.The subjective judgment of college teachers on their own degree of work is in good agreement with the scale measurement results.4,College teachers’ conscious health status in general,the average is divided into 65.5 points.5,The average week of college teachers working hours 46.96 hours,of which the work of the middle of the night for 6.97 hours,working hours and the working hours of the night and the degree of overwork there is a significant positive correlation between.6,The basic information of teachers in the basic information,age,teaching age,title,whether 211 colleges and universities and whether the master,the relationship between the degree of guidance and fatigue significantly.There is a significant correlation between the administrative functions and the degree of employment and the degree of overwork in the identity characteristics of college teachers’ organizations.Fifth,the causes and effects of overworked teachers in C hinese colleges: macro-level factors: social environment(10.65%);meso-level factors: organizational management system(10.95%),time protection(10.00%),time urgency(10.71%),work patterns(11.97%);micro-level factors: behavior seeking preferences(15.92%),work/family(24.73%),career(5.07%).Six,put forward two concepts to calculate overwork.The rate of overwork: the ratio of the number of overtime employed persons to the total number of employed persons,focusing on the breadth and universality of overwork.The degree of overwork: the ratio of workers working over time per week to legal working hours per week(40 hours),focusing on the depth and severity of overwork.College teachers the rate of overwork is 64.9%,the degree of overwork is 17.4%.From the industry point of view(measured in 2014),the overwork rate of teachers in colleges and universities are lower than manufacturing(65%),construction(68%),wholesale and retail(68.5%),accommodation and catering(71.1%),the degree of overwork are lower than resident services,repairs and other(21.75%),construction(24.0%),wholesale and retail(26.25%),transportation,warehousing and postal services(20.5%),the number of employees in the service sector(67.1%),Accommodation and catering(29.0%),information transmission,software and information technology services(19%),resident services,rep airs and other services(25.0%).From the occupational point of view,the overwork rate of teachers in colleges and universities are lower than commercial,service industry personnel(66.2%),the production of transport equipment operators and related personnel(67.8%)of the high number of employees,the degree of overwork are lower than unit responsible person(21.0%),Business,service personnel(24.8%),production of transport equipment operators and related personnel(23.8%).Seven,build the three-tier system architecture to ease the college teachers overwork,from the "strategic guidance" to "element support layer" to "value-driven layer‖.The problem of college teachers’ overwork is an important topic in the research of academic career and higher education.It needs to give sustained attention.However,the theoretical and empirical research on the college teachers’ overwork in our country is relatively few,and the gap between reality and reality is large.Build a healthy academic ecology’s keys are to design a reasonable academic system,to determine the appropriate time and strength of labor,to create a healthy atmosphere of academic competition.It is also important to maintain the vitality of university teachers human capital,to achieve sustainable development.There is no shortcut to any problem,can only rely on further strengthening of research,and on this basis to increase the emphasis on the issue of college teachers overwork,so as to continuously raise awareness and improve the policy.I believe that as more and more experts and scholars,research teams and research organizations to join,the problem of college teachers overwork in the near future will be eased.