| In this paper,the Miao Canoe Dragon Boat of Qingshui River and cultural communication as the research object,by using the method of field work,rituals as the center discourse to the communication origin,communication process,communication change and communication path of the Miao Canoe Dragon Boat carried out a “thick description”,showing a realistic text of traditional sports cultural changes and communication in a minority community.After a year of field research,this paper mainly has the following findings:Firstly,the Canoe Dragon Boat is a traditional sports activity of the Shidong dialect circle in the Qingshui River of Guizhou Province.It has been circulating for at least a thousand years of history,because the folk beliefs of killing Dragon legend,unique natural environment and the social rules of Miao minority in the Qingshui river formed“ Canoe Dragon Boat cultural circle”.Secondly,the ritual elements is extremely complicated of the Canoe Dragon Boat,Among them,“Zhailao” is the designer of the ritual rules,“Gui Shi”and“Gu Tou”are the host of ritual process.They are the natural leader and have a variety of symbolic social capitals.Thirdly,in the ritual communication of Canoe Dragon Boat,the basic function is to express and inherit cultural memory of Miao minority in the Qingshui river,to achieve and promote ethnic identity.It not only embodying the whole Miao national characteristic of the culture of witchcraft and ghost and rice-farming,but also showing the social rules and mode of association of Miao people in the Qingshui River,using the relation of consanguinity and by marriage as ties,reflecting the cultural internality,integration and diversity of meaning pedigree of the Miao Canoe Dragon Boat.Fourthly,in the cultural evolution of Canoe Dragon Boat,is mainly embodied in the rules,procedures,subjects and communication functions.The Canoe Dragon Boat from the past “Zhailao” as the leader to the collective activities of the village committee has become the new sponsors,their villagers common participate.The ritual procedures gradually simplified and the ritual taboos are constantly broken.It is increasingly strengthen modernity and competition of the Canoe Dragon Boat races.The ritual subjects gradually diversified of the Miao Canoe Dragon Boat.At the same time,the ritual functions also experienced the “disenchantment” process,from the “amusing Gods” to the “amusing human”,tourism has become a new function.Fifthly,in the process of Miao people in the Qingshui River from traditional to modern society,it is inevitable that the cultural trend of Canoe Dragon Boat will be radiated.Adding the changes of living environment,family structure,mode of association,people values,value orientation and national psychological structure.The resultant forces and relations of these social and cultural factors determine cultural change of the Canoe Dragon Boat.Last but not least,at present,the main path of the cultural communication of the Miao Canoe Dragon Boat have two channels of the internal and external.One including the intergenerational succession,between villages and between villages and competition sites.The other including local government and mass media.In which,the Canoe Dragon Boat internal cultural inheritance is facing intergenerational conflict and contradiction,the village,civil associations and the local government also producing a variety of symbolic conflicts in the process of interaction.They choose and use different of medium,mainly because of the difference of the purpose,audience and ability.They have no choice but to face the realistic problems that how to communicate between each other. |
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