Research On Motor Skill Curriculum Content Selecting Based On Students In Basic Education Of China

In the stage of full operation of Chinese physical education and health curriculum deepening reform,in order to further improve theory system of physical education and health curriculum,and effective guide practice work,it is necessary and important to select motor skill curriculum contents based on students in basic education.It is help to change long term problem of motor skill curriculum contents lacking effective cohesive.It could also provide scientific basis for physical education teachers selecting motor skill curriculum contents.Using literature method,questionnaire survey,interviewing method,field research method and mathematical statistics method,this paper researches British,American and Japanese basic education motor skill curriculum contents,diachronic evolution of Chinese motor skill curriculum contents selection in basic education,interprets and analyzes value orientation of selecting basic education motor skill curriculum contents,and lastly explores motor skill curriculum contents selecting status based on students in basic education.It gets conclusions as follows:(1)British,America and Japan have been constructed complete motor skill curriculum contents in basic education which have the characteristics of rich variety and distinct gradations.Motor skill curriculum contents in each period dovetail each other and adapt to students’ physical and mental development.It enlightens selecting motor skill curriculum contents in many aspects to our country:organizing motor skill curriculum contents according to physical literacy;emphasizing on motor skill curriculum content of progressive cohesion;pay both attention to fitness and motor skill;has tendency of combining life and lifelong sport;present national sport tradition and culture;establish motor skill curriculum contents innovation mechanism and environment.(2)The categories of motor skill curriculum contents in basic education have been increased and improved gradually after the funding of China.It includes track and field,gymnastics,ball games,sport games,Wushu and traditional sport,swimming,snow and ice sports,and emerging sports.Track and field,gymnastics and ball sports as the main body of motor skill curriculum contents in basic education have the feature of relative stability and continuity.The proportion of elective curriculum contents for basic education students has become gradually increasing and the choosing right of selecting motor skill curriculum contents has progressively opened.Motor skill curriculum contents selecting in basic education presents competitive tendency,and pays attention to the system and integrity of physical education discipline knowledge and motor skills.(3)Motor skill curriculum contents selective orientation and physical education value orientations have the fraternal relationship in basic education,The development of motor skill curriculum contents selective orientation in China has been experienced four stages.The first stage is physical education is needed to serve the country,the second stage is the focus is to combine fitness building with motor skill training,the third stage is diverse curriculum value orientation from the integration of body and mind,and the last stage is "student development as the center" standard which put the students in the center.The value appeal of selecting motor skill curriculum contents based on students includes:respecting the students’ subjectivity;returning to the students’ life world;paying attention to the lifelong and nationalization of motor skill curriculum content;breaking the athletic of motor skill curriculum contents;and lastly emphasizing the cohesion and structured of motor skill curriculum contents.(4)The realistic problems urgently to be solved in selecting motor skill curriculum contents in basic education of China as follows:establishing motor skill curriculum contents selecting criteria;determine the scope of motor skill curriculum contents;balance capacity and the difficulty of motor skill curriculum contents;determine the period of motor skill curriculum contents of progressive gradient;reform the competitive sports into teaching materials.The principles selecting motor skill curriculum contents based on students as follows:educational principle,the principle of keeping fit,interesting principle,feasibility principle,security principle.Selecting motor skills curriculum content in basic education should be according to the principles of successive,order and cohesion as a basis to progressive:lower grade of the elementary school is given priority to physical fitness,basic physical activities and games.The higher grades of elementary school is given priority to physical fitness and sports common skills.The junior middle school stage is given priority to physical fitness and a variety of sports.The senior high school stage is given priority to physical fitness and specific sport skills.Sports categories which students think should be learned exist period differences,some sports categories exist gender differences.The sports which students studied are relatively fixed and repetition in each period of basic education.The sports which students liked and are learning has not fully form consistent in each period.Motor skill curriculum contents which students learning and learned are given priority to the track and field sports,ball games and gymnastics movements,but lack of emerging sports and national folk sports.The extent wanted to grasp of the sports which students liked achieves the requirement of the curriculum standards in the elementary school higher grades and junior middle school,but lower than the curriculum standard requirement in senior high school.The student master degree of studied sports achieves the requirement of the curriculum standard in the elementary school higher grades,but lower than curriculum standard requirement in the junior middle school and senior high school.The sports which Physical education teachers required to master degree that the students are learning achieves the requirement of the curriculum standards in the elementary school higher grades,but lower than curriculum standard requirement in the junior middle school and senior high school.PE teachers should select motor skill curriculum contents based on students which according with students’ sport needs and interests,and improve teaching requirements at the same time in order to achieve curriculum standard in each period of basic education motor skill learning.