Research On R.G.Perrer's Social Justice Theory

As a Contemporary famous thinker,Rawls said: "Justice is the first virtue of social institutions",Chinese government has solemnly announced to the world "Fairness and justice is the first virtue of socialist national systems",Perhaps in the socialist state system,fairness and justice have more important value.So What does it mean by a society of fairness and justice? What kind of social arrangement can really achieve fairness and justice?The design of social justice system should be based on the theory of social justice,Does it exist in Marx'S theory of social justice,apart from that of western scholars? There is not very precise conclusion on this theoretical problem,and there is still a wide range of disputes nowadays.Therefore,Rodney Peffer,(1952-),one of the main representative of contemporary western Analytical Marxism,who gives a definite and concrete answer by means of research analysis of and criticism on Marxist theory of justice.When Chinese government is committing to constructing socialist society of justice and fairness,Peffer's theory of justice adds a new perspective to our understanding Marxist theory of justice deeply.Peffer's construction of "adequate" Marxist theory of justice is consisted of three links which are "origin" ? "mediation " and "gist".The origin of Peffer's theory is to reconstruct Marx's theory of justice by Analyzing Marx's moral values,by interpreting Marx's theory of liberty,and by amending Marx's theory of rights.In the process of arguing with "Marx's Immoralism" and "Marx's Anti-Moralism",Peffer expounds the basis of moral philosophy in Marxist theory of social justice.In Peffer's idea,Marx had a normative ethical perspective whose basic titles were three non-moral values:liberty,human community and self-realization.And liberty is the most core value among them.The mediation of Peffer's theory is to make certain defense for theoretical assumptions of "original position" and "veil of ignorance" in Rawls' theory of justice by arguing with the western marxists and the left-learning.He amends the theory of "minimum welfare" and "equal opportunity",and adds the principle of social and economic democracy.The gist of Peffer's theory is to put forward the "adequate" Marxist moral and social justice theory,the theory is consisted of three principles,which are the meeting of basic security and basic subsistence rights,the maximum system of equal basic liberties,the maximum system of equal opportunity to attain social positions,the difference principle,and the principle of social and economic democracy.To Peffer,this is the justice theory of Democratic self-managing socialism,it has a transcendental moral superiority.It has always been a social ideal for the whole human society to fulfill social freedom and equality and establish a society with fairness and justice.It Is the prime goal of Chinese communists in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics,Peffer's Marxist theory of justice provides a good reference for the establishment of Chinese Marxist theory of social justice.He has emphasized equality,he has demonstrated the social and economic democracy,and he has explained the relationship between the theory of justice and Marx's theory,which have both positive and constructive practical significance in adhering to socialist ideals in Chinese market economy and establishing Chinese Marxist theory of justice.