| ObjectiveSui Tang and the Five dynasties era is the period of the middle ancient times transiting to modern Chinese,which is an imprtant period in Chinese language development.The medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties and the Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras are two kinds of important historical document.There are same with different in two kinds of document.By comparing the medicine vocabularies used in medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties and the Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras,we try to find out the similarities and differences between the medicine vocabularies used in the two kinds of language materials.From the similarities,we can partly see the panorama of the medicine vocabularies of the Sui Tang and the Five dynasties era,and from the differences,we can see the dilicate shades of meaning and usage of the medicine vocabularies between the two kinds of language materials.In fact the synchronic differences also mirror the diachronic changes in the medicine vocabularies of the Sui Tang and the Five Dynasties era.MethodsWhile comparing the two kinds of language materials,we seek to investigate the diachronic changes as well as the synchronic changes,pay attention to the quantitative analysis as well as the qualitative analysis,and try to expound some changed facts after enumerating the similarities and differences of the medicine vocabularies used in the two materials.Based on the material itself,we discover issues,solve the problem as well as pay attention to the function of external evidence about other reference.The medicine vocabularies not only refer to medical domain,but also touch upon the field of philology,both have the general characteristice of Chinese vocabularies and the spercial of its profession.For this reason,we use a combination of theoretical knowledge and research method about linguistics,philogy and traditional chinese medicine.ResultsAs a result,on the language feature of them,the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties and the Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras reflects the language features of the period of the middle ancient times transiting to modern Chinese,and the word and expressions are quite abundant in two kinds of document.These word and expressions are form by diachronic inherit and borrow with synchronic fusion,and have the inheritance and innovation of contents.In the meantime,there are interpenetrated with one another between the buddhist vocabularies,medicine vocabularies and common vocabularies.But the degree of colloquial about Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras is higher than the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties.Some words and expressions in Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras are following,imitating and developing,and some have provisionality.So the stability of the vocabulary system about Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras is inferior to the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties.On the use of the words and expressions,there are many index of Buddhismrelated articles and buddhist vocabulary in the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties,which have collected a large number of foreign medicines,prescriptions and a portion of foreign concept about disease.In the meantime,there are many medicine vocabularies in Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras,the lexicographer of which paraphrase of the relevant concepts and preserve the historical appearance of these vocabularies to some extent.On the use of the character,popular form of characters is a universal phenomenon,which is closely related to sociality of character and civilized social morality about Sui Tang and the Five Dynasties era.There are still differences about popular form of characters between the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties and Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras,though.The former is relatively single,but the latter is tolerance.The redattore of Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras have cultural identity and strong desire about distinguish upright letters and popular form of characters by the times and history localization,and the author of medical books are open to popular form of characters.On the evolutionary of character patterns,the patterns in Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras and its paraphrasing are reference material for study on the evolution.The medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties as well as offers literature illustrations for the study.On the evolutionary of the meaning of a word,Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras as well as Buddhist texts accelerated development of disyllablization about Chinese vocabulary.The imitation or transform from Chinese vernacular word and recombine by the inlierent morpheme give rise to a large number new words and addition of senses in Chinese.Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras is faster on use of new words and addition of senses than the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties.The E words and different morphologies in Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras are conducive to trace to the source and textual research for medicine vocabularies with morpheme changes,and beneficial to research in knotty character and words in medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties.ConclusionFirst,there are same with different about language feature in two kinds of document.The similarities in two kinds of document is a reflection of the panorama about the medicine vocabularies in the Sui Tang and the Five dynasties era that full demonstrate same characteristics and rule of words,which is conducive to synchronic study.The differentias are concerned with nature,source,redattore's level and difference of times about original document,which could reflects changes of the shapes,sounds and semantics of Chinese characters and conducive to diachronic study.Secondly,the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties are influenced by Buddhism greatly.There are Index of Buddhismrelated articles and buddhist vocabularies as well as foreign medicines,prescriptions and concept of disease in medical books,which also have semantic change of medicine vocabularies that Influenced by Buddhism,and some popular form of characters produced in translation or transcribe of the Buddhist Scripture.Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras also give expression that Buddhist medicine soaked up traditional Chinese medicinal knowledge.It have to be both intimate borrowing of Chinese medicine vocabularies and imitation or transform from Chinese vernacular word.The mutual influence between each other lead to future prosperity.Thirdly,the paraphrase of medicine vocabularies in Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras and realistic examples in the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties are conducive to get the picture about the usage of Chinese characters and concept of popular form of characters,to analyze the evolution of Chinese characters and homograph phenomenon,to textual criticism of concept and entity or concept and sense,to describe acceptation's development.The interpretation of dictionaries combined with literature examples,richness and epochal character of language materials make it eachother possible,that present the panorama of the medicine vocabularies of the Sui Tang and the Five dynasties era as well as be beneficial to combined ancient and modern together,investigate the medicine vocabulary system and characters system.Furthermore,we discuss the related Issues about homograph,variant Chinese character,thesource-indicating functions of phonetic,the inducement of semantic change and so on on the basis of contrast studies about medicine vocabularies with the medical book of Sui Tang and the Five dynasties and Pronunciation and meaning of Buddhist sutras,to provide language materials and reference comments for relevant theoretical research. |
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