| From the Marxist theoretical perspectives,this dissertation undertakes to explore,explicate and analyze the fundamental theoretical sources,theoretical prerequisite and theoretical standpoint of theory of cultural criticism of Stuart Hall.Efforts are made to comment on the characteristics,contributions,influences and limitations based on analyses of unique features of cultural criticism theory of Stuart Hall.In the author’s view,the theory of cultural criticism of Stuart Hall obtained its theoretical sources from the Marxist ideological trend in the Great Britain,inheriting the research paradigm of the Marxist view of science of.Simultaneously,the development of the theory of cultural criticism of Stuart Hall is influenced by the early Birmingham School ideologists,i.e.,R.Hoggart,R.Williams and E.P.Thompson.S.Hall presented theoretical prerequisites of a distinct theory of culture criticism by fusing ideological theories of A.Gramsci and structuralism of L.Althusser.This theoretical prerequisite is inheritance and criticism of the traditional Marxism by Hall,the Hall Mode and articulation during its formation.Hall inherited the view of science of Marxism,criticized dogmatism tendency of traditional Marxism in practice,introspected economic reductionism and class reductionism,and formed the cultural propagation mode represented by Hall Mode and the culture analysis paradigm represented by the articulation theory.Hall formed his own cultural perspectives with the research paradigm of Marxism view of science.In his view,culture is representation,and culture signifies practice.These two perspectives are the most direct standpoints meaning culture practicality.He expounded the political nature of culture through Politics of Reading and the theory of Politics of Difference.Based on the cultural perspective,Hall criticized contemporary capitalist culture.Combined with the British contemporary social practice as a whole,his open criticism of subculture is subdivided into criticism of racial culture and criticism of politics and capitalist culture.Hall criticized capitalist subculture phenomenon through the analysis of subculture phenomenon,and he criticized in details the components of subculture,i.e.,racialism from the point of view of the ‘Other’.Meanwhile,on the basis of British capitalist social practices,Hall expounded capitalism cultural hegemony by the conceptions of the Thatcherism and the authority populism he provided firstly.In Hall’s view,cultural hegemony represented by Thatcherism realizes control over a country by the control of ideology and achieved political purposes.In the practice of Hall theory in the British capitalist society,authority populism is regarded as the best generalization and refinement of the theory of Thatcherism,and it is the most concentrated reflection of the successful realization of cultural hegemony by Thatcherism..Typical features of Hall’s theory of cultural criticism lie in the cross-domain and interdisciplinary research consciousness,theoretical perspectives of diaspora and political strategy of interventionism.His important contributions to cultural studies are accomplished by encoding/decoding theory,difference theory,racial culture criticism and articulation theory.Hall’s theory of cultural criticism verified the rationality of Marxism theory and promoted the development of contemporary culture study.Meanwhile,the theory of cultural criticism of Hall provided insights into cultural diversity in the background of globalization and enhanced discursive leadership,innovation and power of Chinese culture.Simultaneously,it should be seen that Hall’s theory is not without limitations in certain aspects and his theoretical themes are unorganized and limited both in theory and practice. |
