Philosophical Criticism On The Concept Of Deliberative Democracy

As a social and historical phenomenon,democracy is most suitable for human's own political form so far,and at the same time is also a kind of depends on theoretical value system unceasingly thinkers and philosophers and political ideal.Reflect on deliberative democracy the perspective of political philosophy constitute a problem of concept deliberative democracy.The concept of consultation concept and basic theory from the western world,but because it is the logical starting point of construction on the theory of social facts,with rational,exchanges for conceptual tools and with value pursuit of political legitimacy,Reflects the authenticity and rationality of democracy of expectation and pursuit,and then become the common achievements of human political civilization development.But,on the one hand,because of deliberative democracy theory itself has not been fully developed and theory on the construction and the development of the democracy in its social and historical regularity of intrinsic conflict;In another aspect,about the negotiation and the thought of democracy,is one of the focus on the theme of Marxist philosophy,and due to our time a lot of democracy still comes from capitalism crisis and still need to be in the face of Marxist philosophy and give the answer.Therefore,we need to Use the Marxist philosophy to analyze and criticize for consultation concept derived from the west.This idea led to the research of this article,it is to source and method of speculation for the essence values and rules of western deliberative concept,and on this basis to negotiate beyond the western concept of Marxist thinking,and finally explore the theoretical connotation,basic principle and practice modality of China's concept of practice modalityThe thesis is divided into four parts to study:In Section 1,illustrates the basic theory of deliberative democracy concept.First,it made a general description on the ideological origin and theoretical development of western deliberative democracy concept,and review and summarize six major point of the deliberative democracy theorists.Later,it summing up and refining the existing representative concept of deliberative democracy,such as Habermas view of Procedural democracy and deliberative politics,Joshua Cohen's "liberalism" Concept of Deliberative Democracy,James Bohman's institutionalism concept of public deliberation and John S.Dryzek's radical discourse democracy concept.On this basis,it made definition the political philosophy significance of the concept of deliberative democracy and discussed its theoretical essence and basic characteristics.In Section 2,To interpretation and questions on the concept of deliberative democracy.For concept of western deliberative democracy,its philosophical foundation is originated from linguistic turn and inter-subjectivity of practical philosophy,directly originated from Habermas' communication theory.It focuses on thinking about some critical philosophical problems linking with democratic theories like democratic thought,legitimacy,legality,human rights,popular sovereignty,individual freedom and democratic order etc.From here,we can see that the thinking on democratic value and the pursuit on democratic authenticity are rational.However,its philosophical proofs are defective.Normally,its proofs mainlyfocus on the connection between standards and experience,neutrality of democratic process,Utopian “reality & ideal” and problems suffered by translating sociology.Since its philosophical proofs are defective,a deeper understanding is required.In Section 3,using the Marxist concept to rethink and surpasses the concept of western deliberative democracy.First,it analyzes the core ideology,history and value of Marxist democracy.Based on the analysis,depending on the origins provided by Marxism for concept of deliberative democracy,it discusses the link and tolerance existed in the difference.Then,relying on the fundamental principles of Marxist democracy,concept of western deliberative democracy was unscrambled and learned in a critical way.The unscrambling and learning mainly concentrates on four problems,first,the criticism on liberal democracy by concept of deliberative democracy will form a third democratic model or not;second,whether concept of deliberative democracy is a social theory full of criticisms;third,whether the standardization and reality of concept of deliberative democracy can be unified.In Section 4,it discusses how to explore the theoretical construction and practical approach for concept of Chinese deliberative democracy.The concept of Chinese deliberative democracy shall have its own unique philosophical foundation and practical mode.Although concept of Chinese deliberative democracy is greatly affected by western democratic theories,Marxist democratic theory is the essential theoretical foundation;meanwhile,democratic concepts and the deepening systems at the time of constructing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The principle of philosophy is: Chinese deliberative democracy is a kind of practical philosophy,it is a historical,specific and social existence;it is a new and unique part created based on Marxist democratic theory.For concept of Chinese deliberative democracy,its basic features include: it is a concept which is standard,descriptive,normal and special;it is not only a democratic ideology but also a construction of national system.On the contrary,it shall be blended with the development of politics and civilization.When practicing,Chinese deliberative democracy shall handle several relationships well,such as the relationship with CCP's leading,people's democracy,political consultation,socialistic constitutionalism,legal state,civil society,and national governance,etc.Then,it proposes the approaches which might be followed by Chinese deliberative democracy.Anyway,this paper deeply thinks about deliberative democracy,for example it has a systematic analysis on the theoretical researches and philosophical problems related to deliberative democracy;at the same time,from the view of Marxist democracy,the ideologies,forms and approaches of China's socialist democracy.Then,the paper proposes the fundamental theories,ideas and principles for constructing the concepts of Chinese deliberative democracy.Although the contents covered in this paper is not complete enough and the logical is not so rigorous,its research methods are not so perfect,this paper made a systematic and comprehensive understanding on the theories of western deliberative democracy and did an exploratory try to figure out the way how to set up the theories for deliberative democracy with Chinese characteristics.