Time Pressure Of The Decision-making Stage Fuzzy Decision: Behavioral And Neural Mechanisms Of Research

This study is to investigate the cognitive and neural mechanisms of ambiguity decision making (DMA) under time pressure. It uses Iowa gambling task (IGT) to simulate DMA situation of the real life.120 subjects were enrolled. Through restricting their time for make a choice (2s,4s or no restrict),3 levels of time pressure (high time pressure, low time pressure and no time pressure) are set. Their decision behavior and physiological activity (Skin conductance responses, SCRs and heart rate variability, HRV) in DMA situation under time pressure are recorded.The results show that:(1) Subjects under low time pressure take longer to make decision than those under high time pressure, but shorter than those under no time pressure. (2) The result of no time pressure group is better than that of time pressure group. The results of high and low time pressure groups are not significantly different. And the decision styles of the three groups are different. The decision style of no time pressure group tends to conservative, but that of time pressure groups tends to risk. (3) Number of exceeding the restricting time of high time pressure group is significantly more than that of low time pressure group. (4) The subjective experience of the three groups is not significantly different. (5) Transcutaneous electrical changes of time pressure groups are strong than those of no time pressure group, but the difference does not reach significance level. The expected SCRs of no time pressure group is significantly higher than that of time pressure. The expected SCRs of the three groups on risk card is significantly higher than that on the conservative card. And the expected SCRs to punishment of the three groups is significantly larger than that to reward. (6) The neural activity under the experimental condition is significantly stronger than resting neural activity. The neural activity of time pressure groups under the experimental condition is stronger than that of no time pressure group.Conclusions:Time pressure influence DMA. Decision-making under time pressure tends to risk behavior. However, decision-making under no time pressure tends to conservative behavior. Emotionally physiological signals lead subjects to make advantageous decisions.