| China is an earthquake-prone country.Earthquake is a common natural disaster.So far,it cannot be accurately predicted.Earthquakes,especially after a strong one,often result in serious casualties and significant property damage in an instant.Damaged houses,transportation,communications,etc.can be rebuilt after earthquakes,but the loss of life and health caused by earthquake can never be rebuilt.Therefore,the core of the earthquake disaster relief is to save people particularly by medical rescue so as to preserve human life and health to the greatest degree.A large number of patients emerge immediately after the earthquake,so it is vital to carry out effective medical rescue in the 72-hour gold time.To realize this objective,the study attempts to explore from three elements of emergency rescue,(i.e.the demand for service,personnel and technology,equipment and protection)the general laws of earthquake disasters emergency medical rescue service to provide guideline for carrying out and improving emergency medical rescue plan.primarily,six aspects are analyzed in the paper:1 The research on earthquake disaster medical rescue.There are two aspects.One is the discussion on the types of disasters,earthquake injury caused by earthquake and the injury characteristics through the collection of earthquake related documents;the other is an overview on the technology and process of the emergency medical rescue treatment,rescue equipment and the arrangement of rescue forces by collecting the related documents about emergency medical rescue and military security forces,which provides the basis for the subsequent earthquake injury spectrum,casualties prediction model,and the implementation of rescue service.2 The study on early injury of earthquake spectrum.Through the collection of research and data on earthquake injury and by the method of systematic review and meta analysis,the early injury characteristics of earthquake wounded were analyzed,the cause of earthquake injury,injury types and proportion are clarified,general rules of earthquake early injury profile are found so as to provide theoretical basis and data support for the future research on the earthquake emergency medical rescue team block sort,the selection of appropriate technology,treatment process specification,rescue equipment and the casualties forecast.3 The research on the earthquake casualties prediction model.The earthquake magnitude,focal depth,population density,geological structure,time,the damage rate of housing for parameters,the study is to build mathematical model,using statistical software R toolkit for nonlinear fitting of the model and to develop computer program by employing the expedient alternative and the R shiny toolkit to forecast the number of casualties.4 The case study on the earthquake disaster medical rescue and treatment procedure.starting from Lushan earthquake disaster emergency medical rescue action in which the author participated in person,based on the sick and wounded grading treatment and gold time treatment theory,and through the review of accomplishment and lessons system rescue operations and the lack of effectiveness,an in-depth study is carried out on the critical time nodes about the field first aid,transport and specialist treatment,the treatment technology and means of guarantee the varieties of treatment institutions require,which provide the basis for regulating the process of rescuing the wounded and scientific allocation of rescue resources.5 The case study on the construction of earthquake disaster medical rescue equipment system.Taking the medical rescue practice over the past years from the earthquake rescue team as a point of penetration,and according to concept of the modular design,there constructed the backpack type,vehicle type and shelter type as well as flexible applicable,multifunctional equipment that can be divided and connected.Besides,the general rules of construction of emergency medical rescue equipment system are explored based on the case study of mobile medical equipment system development.6 The research on the force arrangement of earthquake disaster emergency medical rescue.According to the earthquake medical rescue work area,rescue methods,tasks undertaken,the actual needs the rescue forces(personnel,technology,equipment,procedure,etc.)in the rescue action are analyzed.Based on the analysis on the integration of different professional rescue teams,the selection of suitable treatment technology,the selection and combination of rescue equipment the optimization of rescue forces can be realized.The innovation of this research can be listed as follows:1 Aiming at improving the earthquake emergency medical rescue service system,the study analyzes the characteristics and rules of the three principal elements in their characteristics and rules of earthquake emergency medical rescue---service requirements,personnel and technology to achieve the integration of service demand,technology and equipment.So the study overcomes the lack of integrity owing to the sole focus on certain aspects in the past research.2 This study integrates a number of previous research results about earthquake injury,makes a quantitative analysis on some independent research and acquires the complete earthquake injury spectrum based on several case studies.Therefore,the study overcomes one sidedness due to sample size differences and selection deviation.3 The prediction of earthquake casualties model is developed combining qualitative and quantitative methods,so is the calculation program,which has high accuracy.The research results have been applied in the practice of Yushu earthquake.4 Earthquake disaster emergency medical rescue power modular framework and grouping model are put forward in response to national,provincial and municipal levels of rescue,which provides a reference for the emergency medical rescue force planning,and team building.5 The emergency medical rescue equipment system is proposed and constructed so as to match the modular rescue force,which ensure the field first aid and medical equipment. |
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