| BackgroundDiabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus,whose morbidity can be as high as 60%-90%.The American Diabetes Association's definition of DPN is simply described as "excluding the symptoms or signs of peripheral nerve injury caused by diabetes in other causes".Clinical manifestations of DPN are complicated,the main features are distal limb sensory disturbance,movement disorders and autonomic nerve dysfunction,the early manifestations are symmetrical limb pain(Dull pain,Stabbing pain,Distending pain,Burning pain,Drilling pain,Knife cut pain,Tearing pain and so on),Numb,Cold,Ant sensation,Crawling sensation,Pedal cotton sensation,Cold feeling,Electric shock feeling,the electromyography showed peripheral sensory or motor nerve conduction disturbance.in the later stage will appear muscle weakness,muscle atrophy,foot infection,refractory ulcers,gangrene and wound healing which are difficult to heal and may result in amputation.DPN patients are with high disability rate and difficulto cure,seriously affecting the patient's physical and mental health,survival ability and quality of life,at the same time bringing the individual,family and society a heavy economic burden.At present,the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy are not very clear,and lack of effective and specific treatment methods and drugs.In recent years,Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy shows its unique advantages and prospects for development.Chinese medicine not only can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and biochemical indexes in patients with DPN,but also can repair nerve and promote blood circulation,reduce patient dependence on Western medicine.but due to the lack of multi center,large sample,randomized,double-blind and controlled clinical trials,it is difficult to form a high-level clinical evidence,seriously restrict the popularization and transformation of traditional Chinese medicine.However,fortunately,the rapid development of modern science and technology,provides a new means and methods for the study of Chinese medicine treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy,such as data mining technique,multivariate statistical methods,the real world that provide clinical data of the sea quantity data,for in-depth study of DPN etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome and treatment rules,characteristics of disease,health economics,diagnosis and treatment rules.Objective1.Through the collection of literature published in Cnki,Vip and WanFang from January 2000 to March 2017 on the treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy by oral Chinese medicine.To sort out,sum up,analyze and summarize the common types of syndrome differentiation,syndrome elements,common therapies,symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine,tongue coating pulse and prescription medication of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Based on the general framework of "disease-syndrome-Symptom-treatment-prescription-medicine",the TCM Syndromes rule of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus were discussed and It can provide some useful references for the research and clinical application of TCM in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy of type 2 diabetes mellitus,So as to give full play to the characteristics and advantages of TCM treatment of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.2.With the help of large data platform of Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital and real world clinical data,the traditional Chinese medicine theory,modern data mining technology and multivariate statistical method are combined to carry out rule of frequency analysis,t test,chi square test,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,factor analysis,single factor analysis,multiple factor analysis and neural network analysis on type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients' Basic information,hospitalization expenses,incidence characteristics,syndrome pattern,syndrome element rule and rules of combined diseases,in order to transform the clinical data into new knowledge and information,and to form decision intelligence and to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment behavior,promote the development of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine and standardization of TCM,to provide some reference information for the formulation of relevant policies of the National Health Administration department.Method1.The first part is the syndrome rule of DPN,Through the collection of literature published in cnki,Vip and WanFang from January 2000 to March 2017 on the treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy by oral Chinese medicine.Using frequency analysis,component ratio analysis,factor analysis and association rules to sort out,sum up,analyze and summarize the common types of its syndrome differentiation,syndrome elements,common therapies,symptoms of TCM,tongue coating pulse and prescription medication of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy.2.The second part is diagnosis and treatment law of DPN,The first diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital from January 2008 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study.Arranging the year,age,gender,duration of hospitalization,times of hospitalization,department,admission conditions,mode of payment,total cost,bed fee,western medicine fee,chinese medicine fee,radiation fees,laboratory fees,medical fees,inspection fees,the name of main TCM disease,the main diseases diagnosis of TCM,the main disease diagnosis of Western medicine,the minor disease diagnosis of Western medicine.Using Excel2007 to build data warehouse,standardize terminology and clean data.The application of frequency analysis,t test,chi square test,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,factor analysis,single factor analysis,multiple factor analysis and neural network analysis,data mining technology and multivariate statistical methods are used for DPN patients with Basic information,hospitalization expenses,incidence characteristics,syndrome pattern,syndrome element rule and rules of combined diseases,using SPSS and Excel2007 for mapping.ResultPart one:The study of TCM Syndrome rule of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on literature1.The common type of TCM syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy are Qi deficiency and blood stasis,Qi and Yin deficiency,Blood stasis obstructing collaterals,Obstruction of collaterals by phlegm and blood stasis,Yang deficiency and blood stasis and Liver kidney yin deficiency.Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome corresponding to Supplementing qi and activating blood circulation and activating collaterals to relieve pain,,Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome corresponding to supplementing qi and nourishing yin,blood stasis blocking collaterals syndrome corresponding to activating blood circulation,Obstruction of collaterals by phlegm and blood stasis syndrome corresponding to resolving phlegm and dredging collaterals and activating blood circulation to remove stasis,Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome corresponding to warming Yang and supplementing Qi and activating blood circulation to remove stasis,Liver kidney yin deficiency corresponding to tonifying liver and kidney.(1)Commonly used chinese medicine in Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome are astragalus,angelica,chuanxiong,safflower,Caulis Spatholobi,cassia twig,Achyranthes root,white peony root,peach kernel,earthworm,Salvia miltiorrhiza,radix paeoniae rubra,Representative prescription are Huangqi Guizhi Decoction of five ingredients,Yiqi Huoxue decoction;(2)Commonly used chinese medicine in Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome are astragalus,angelica,Caulis Spatholobi,earthworm,Salvia miltiorrhiza,radix rehmanniae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix paeoniae rubra,ophiopogon root,safflower,cassia,Achyranthes,Ge Gen,peach seed,Radix Pseudostellariae,yam,Representative prescription are Decoction for increasing fluid.(3)Commonly used chinese medicine in Blood stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome are Astragalus,Caulis Spatholobi,earthworm,salvia,angelica,radix rehmanniae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix paeoniae rubra,ophiopogon root,safflower,radix puerariae,cassia twig,Achyranthes root,peach kernel,Representative prescription are Xuefu Zhuyu decoction and Pink Siwu Decoction.(4)Commonly used chinese medicine in Yang deficiency and blood sta sis syndrome,are Astragalus,Kudzu,CaulisSpatholobi,whitepeony,earthworm,ginger,asarum,rice,jujube,sanqi,aconite,jujube.Representative prescripti on are Buyang Huanwu Decoction five,Danggui four Sini Decoction.(5)Commonly used chinese medicine in Liver kidney yin deficiency syndrome are Caulis Spatholobi,Salvia miltiorrhiza,asarum,Tongcao,astragalus,polygonatum,Ge Gen,white peony root,ophiopogon root,Radix Pseudostellariae,bupleurum root,Rehmannia.Representative prescription are Yuquan Decoction.2.Common nature syndrome are blood stasis,qi deficiency,yin deficiency,phlegm,dampness and yang deficiency,Common location syndrome are meridians,liver,spleen,kidney,Common weakness syndrome are deficiency of qi,yin deficiency and yang deficiency,Common solid syndrome are blood stasis,phlegm,dampness,heat and poison;3.Commonly used chinese medice are astragalus,angelica,Caulis Spatholobi,Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,peach kernel,safflower,earthworm,radix paeoniae rubra,radix salviae miltiorrhizae,radix rehmanniae,jujube,ginger,leech,ophiopogon root,Cornus officinalis,yam,Atractylodes,Poria,Rhizoma Coptidis,Radix Pseudostellariae,tangerine peel,Scorpion,mainly are qi supplementing drugs,activating blood circulation drugs and nourishing Yin drugs.4.Common treatment are Yiqihuoxue,Resolving phlegm and dredging collaterals,Activating blood stasis,Tongluo zhitong,Supplementing qi and nourishing yin,Huoxue tongluo,Warming Yang and supplementing qi,Tonifying liver and kidney.Yiqihuoxue can be used for skin a wrong,less gas lazy words,lassitude,numbness,sweating,Supplementing qi and nourishing yin can be used for nsomnia,dry mouth,pain,tingling,numbness,fatigue,Activating blood stasis can be used for numbness,pain,loss of weight,insomnia,fatigue,Tongluo zhitong can be used for wrong skin,numbness,tingling,fatigue,lazy gas lazy words;(1)Commonly used chinese medicine in Yiqihuoxue are Astragalus,angelica,safflower,peach seed,Caulis Spatholobi,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix,Ramulus Cinnamomi,radix paeoniae rubra,radix salviae miltiorrhizae,earthworm.(2)Commonly used chinese medicine in Resolving phlegm and dredging collaterals are Jujube,salvia,Achyranthes,Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,centipede,Polyporus,tangerine peel,poria;(3)Commonly used chinese medicine in Activating blood stasis are Astragalus,angelica,Achyranthes,cassia,salvia,chuanxiong,Caul is Spatholobi,earthworm,centipede,tangerine peel,Cornus officinalis,figwort root,peach kernel,safflower,red peony root,Clematis chinensis,asarum,Herba Violae,sanqi zihuadiding;(4)Commonly used chinese medicine in Tongluo zhitong are Astragalus,angelica,chuanxiong,peach kernel,safflower,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix,Caulis Spatholobi,cassia twig,earthworm,radix paeoniae rubra,radix salviae miltiorrhizae,radix rehmanniae,papaya;(5)Commonly used chinese medicine in Supplementing qi and nourishing yin,are Astragalus,angelica,Achyranthes,jujube,chuanxiong,centipede,phellodendron bark,cassia twig,Caulis Spatholobi,earthworm,tangerine peel,Cornus officinalis,bupleurum,radix salviae miltiorrhizae,Radix scrophulariae;(6)Commonly used chinese medicine in Huoxue tongluo are Astragalus,angelica,cassia twig,Caulis Spatholobi,Achyranthes root,centipede,earthworm,phellodendron,Radix Pseudostellariae,Cornus officinalis,Fructus aurantii;(7)Commonly used chinese medicine in Warming Yang and supplementing qi are Astragalus,angelica,jujube,figwort,Achyranthes,ginger and aconite;(8)Commonly used chinese medicine in Tonifying liver and kidney are Astragalus,angelica,jujube,figwort,Achyranthes,ginger and aconite;5.Common prescriptions are Huangqi Guizhi five ingredients soup,angelica four counter soup and Yang tonifying five soup;(1)Commonly used chinese medicine in Huangqi Guizhi five ingredients soup are Astragalus,Guizhi,Caulis Spatholobi,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Angelicae sinensis,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,radix paeoniae rubra,radix,radix rehmanniae,ginger;(2)Commonly used chinese medicine in Angelica four counter soup are Angelica,chuanxiong,safflower,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Astragali,honeysuckle,Achyranthes root,Caulis spatholobi;(3)Commonly used chinese medicine in Yang tonifying five soup are Astragalus,angelica,Achyranthes,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,safflower and earthworm,red peony root,peach kernel,cassia twig,Caulis Spatholobi,Salvia miltiorrhiza;6.Common symptoms are numbness,fatigue,pain,cold,pain,less gas lazy words,dry mouth,Yaoxisuanruan,sweating,insomnia,thirst,formication,scaly skin,dizziness,pain,fear of wind;numbness can be seen in Yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome,Qi Yin two deficiency syndrome,blood stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome,Qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome and liver kidney yin deficiency syndrome;cold can be seen in Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome;less gas lazy words can be seen in Qi Yin two deficiency syndrome,Qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome,Yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome and blood stasis obstructing collaterals syndrome;Dizziness,Yaoxisuanruan can be seen in Liver kidney yin deficiency syndrome;7.Common pulse condition of tongue coating are fat big tongue,petechia,dark red tongue,pale dark,dark,dark purple,pale white,pink,red,pale,pale red,purple,black,thin white fur,thin yellow,thin fur,white slip,white greasy,greasy yellow,white,thin white and greasy,have tooth marked tongue,tongue vein dilatation,tortuosity,purple,dark purple,pulse fine,heavy,astringent,number,string,weak,slippery,micro,weakness,and tight;8.Common drug pair are Astragalus and angelica,Astragalus and Radix Astragali and Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Astragali,Caulis Spatholobi and Ramulus Cinnamomi,Radix Astragali and Radix Astragali and Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Astragali,Radix Astragali,and safflower and earthworm,safflower,peach and peach and angelica,angelica and Radix Puerariae and papaya asarum,Salvia miltiorrhiza and earthworm?9.Common drug string are Astragalus and angelica and Astragalus and Achyranthes root,cassia twig and Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Astragali and safflower and Astragalus and angelica,Ligusticum chuanxiong and Angelica sinensis,Radix Astragali and Radix Astragali and Radix Paeoniae Alba and spatholobus stem,spatholobus stem and angelica,angelica and Astragalus and safflower,peach and safflower and angelica,astragalus root and cassia twig and Caulis Spatholobi,safflower and peach and earthworm and Angelica sinensis and Radix Paeoniae Rubra.Radix Paeoniae Alba and Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix Rehmanniae;The second part:Study on diagnosis-treatment law of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on real world1.Basic informationThere are 771 effective cases,303 cases were male(39.30%),468 cases were female(60.70%),the oldest 88 years old,the youngest 29 years old,the average age was 65 + 12 years old,concentrated in the 45-65 years and 70-90 years,total accounted for 82.23%;the average of hospital day are 12+ 4.55 days,hospitalization times are 3.95 + 5.05;On the whole,different year hospitalization days showes a decreasing trend,while the times of hospitalization increased;the number of patients with DPN increased year by year,the incidence rate increased year by year;DPN were almost concentrated in the Department of Endocrinology(90.14%),followed by the Department of Neurology(6.36%),acupuncture of the three(1.17%),total of 97.67%.2.Inpatient hospitalization costs2.1 The largest contribution to the total cost of hospitalization for the patient are Durg Fees,treatment fees and inspection fees;The maximum cost of hospitalization was 34706 yuan,the minimum value was 3496yuan,and the average was 12909±4629 yuan;On the whole,hospitalization costs increases with the increase of years;The cost of hospitalization was mainly in Department of Endocrinology,neurology and acupuncture;factor analysis and neural network analysis showed that Hospitalization days,Admission condition,Hospitalization times,Payment method,Year in hospital,Number of comorbidities has a great effect on hospitalization expenses.2.2 On the whole,the hospitalization drug cost was increasing year by year;the total hospitalization drug cost was 3744.62 yuan,accounting for the median hospitalization drug cost(12422.17 yuan)30.14%;hospitalization drug cost also produced mainly in the Department of Endocrinology,Department of Neurology and Department of acupuncture and moxibustion;Factor analysis and neural network analysis found that Hospitalization days,Admission condition,Hospitalization times,Payment method,Number of comorbidities has a great effect on hospitalization drug cost.2.3 On the whole,hospitalization inspection fee is also increasing year by year;hospitalization fees are mainly produced in the Department of Endocrinology,Department of Neurology and Department of acupuncture and moxibustion;multi factor analysis and neural network analysis found that Hospitalization days,Admission condition,Hospitalization times,Payment method,Number of comorbidities has a great effect on hospitalization inspection fee.3.Diagnosis of TCMThe common syndromes of DPN patients are Deficiency of both qi and Yin and blood stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and dampness and heat stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and dampness and blood stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and phlegm and blood stasis and internal resistance,Qi deficiency and phlegm and blood stasis obstructing collaterals;Common syndromes are blood stasis,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,dampness,heat,phlegm,kidney,spleen,meridians,Yang deficiency and liver,Conmmom nature syndromes of disease are blood stasis,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,dampness,heat,phlegm and Yang deficiency;Common location syndrome of the disease is the kidney,spleen,liver,meridians and collaterals,Deficiency syndrome is characterized by qi deficiency,yin deficiency and Yang deficiency,The solid syndrome is blood stasis,phlegm,dampness and heat;The common form of syndrome factor combination are three element combination,four syndrome factor combination and five element combination;The main factors were blood stasis,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,dampness,heat and phlegm,Blood stasis is related to Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,dampness,heat,phlegm,kidney,spleen,yin meridians;Yin deficiency is related to anblood stasis,Qi deficiency,dampness,heat,phlegm;Dampness is related to blood stasis,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,heat;Phlegm is related to blood stasis,Qi deficiency and yin deficiency;The syndrome elements of disease were mainly embodied in meridian and spleen and kidney;TCM syndrome elements can be divided into six categories:the first category is Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,blood stasis,Corresponding to Qi Yin deficiency blood stasis syndrome;The second is dampness and heat,Corresponding to dampness heat accumulation;The third is the meridian,phlegm,Corresponding to phlegm and blood stasis collateral collaterals;The fourth for spleen and kidney yang deficiency,Spleen kidney to yang deficiency;The fifth is liver and qi stagnation,The liver qi to stagnation syndrome;The Sixth is kinds of water stop,cold,blood deficiency,Corresponding to cold coagulation and blood deficiency,the water stops at the interior.4.Diagnosis of patients with Western MedicineDPN patients,secondary diagnosis are mainly hypertension and diabet es related complications;Common complications are hypertension,hyperli pidemia,cataract,arteriosclerosis,fatty liver and so on;DPN is most closely associated with type 2 diabetic retinopathy,followed by type 2 diabetic nephropathy and peripheral vascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus;When the two diseases are associated,Type 2 diabetic peripher al neuropathy is most closely related to hypertension;When the three di seases are associated,Type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy is most clos ely related to hypertension and hyperlipidemia;When the for diseases ar e associated,Type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy is most closely relat ed to hypertension,hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia;When the five dise ases are associated,Type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy is closely rel ated to hypertension,hyperlipidemia,fatty liver and cataract;Aged les s 30 years old in patients with the disease mainly for type 2 diabetes r elated complications and hypertension;aged 30-45 patients with hyperlip idemia,hypertension,fatty liver,hyperuricemia and type 2 diabetic nep hropathy;aged 45-65 patients with hyperlipidemia,hypertension,catarac t,type 2 diabetic retinopathy,fatty liver and atherosclerosis hyperuri cemia in type 2 diabetic nephropathy;aged 65-70 patients mainly hyperte nsion,cataract,type 2 diabetic retinopathy,hyperlipidemia,atheroscle rosis,type 2 diabetic nephropathy,fatty liver,type 2 diabetic periphe ral vascular disease;aged 70-90 patients mainly hypertension,cataract,arteriosclerosis,type 2 diabetes mellitus retinopathy,osteoporosis,h yperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,fatty liver,type 2 diabetic nephropathy;I n combined disease,When the two diseases are associated,High blood pre ssure is closely related to heart disease,coronary heart disease,type 2 diabetic nephropathy,type 2 diabetic retinopathy,type 2 diabetic per ipheral vascular disease,arteriosclerosis,hyperuricemia,fatty liver;When the three and four diseases are associated,Complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely related to hypertension,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,fatty liver,arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease.Conclusion:1.Etiology and pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitusType 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a diease of intrinsic deficiency marked sthenia and intermingled deficiency and excess,The deficiency was mainly caused by qi deficiency,while the blood stasis was the main symptom,followed by phlegm,dampness,heat and poison.The disease is located in the channels and collaterals,involving the liver,spleen and kidney,and the three viscera.Deficiency of both qi and Yin is the basic pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus,and blood stasis is the key.The two almost run through the disease.2.The importance of qi deficiency and blood stasisThe most common syndrome of Type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy is qi deficiency and blood stasis;The most common syndrome element is Qi deficiency and blood stasis;the most commonly used method for the treatment is benefiting qi and activating blood circulation;The most commonly used Chinese medicine are Astragalus,angelica;The most commonly used drug pair forms are Qi drugs + blood circulation drugs,blood circulation drugs + blood circulation drugs,The most commonly used drug string forms are Qi drugs +blood circulation drugs + blood circulation drugs,blood circulation drugs+ blood circulation drugs+ blood circulation drugs;The most commonly used prescription is Huangqi Guizhi five soup;The most common symptoms are numbness and weakness;The most common tongue pulse are big fat tongue,petechia,dark red tongue,thin white tongue,scalloped tongue,tongue veins purple,thin,heavy and astringent pulse;Qi deficiency and blood stasis play an important role in the occurrence and development of DPN,Invigorating qi and activating blood circulation is the most basic treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy.3.The specific treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy based on the general framework of "disease-syndrome-Symptom-treatment-prescription-medicine"(1)Numbness,pain,fatigue,less gas lazy words,scaly skin,sweating,tongue body fat,petechia,with scalloped edges,dark tongue or dark red light or dark or light or whitish or pale red,moss thin white or light yellow or white greasy or thin white greasy tongue,the bottom thread of blue or tortuous or distended veins,fine or astringent or string or weakness are commonly seen in Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,the common treatment is benefiting qi and activating blood circulation,The representative prescription is Huangqi Guizhi Decoction of five ingredients and Yiqihuoxue Decoction,The commonly used chinese medicine are Astragalus,angelica,chuanxiong,safflower,Caulis Spatholobi,cassia twig,Achyranthes root,white peony root,peach kernel,earthworm,Salvia miltiorrhiza,radix paeon i ae rubra,papaya.(2)Numbness,tingling,pain,insomnia,dry mouth,thirst,fatigue,less gas lazy words,spontaneous sweating,tongue body fat,with scalloped edges,red tongue,deep red,moss thin yellow,yellow greasy,pulse or fine or disease or number or astringent or weakness or slightly or weak are commonly seen in Syndrome of deficiency of Qi and Yin in two,the common treatment is Supplementing qi and nourishing yin,The representative prescription is Decoction for increasing fluid,The commonly used chinese medicine are Astragalus,angelica,Caulis Spatholobi,earthworm,Salvia miltiorrhiza,radix rehmanniae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix paeoniae rubra,ophiopogon root,safflower,cassia,Achyranthes,Ge Gen,peach seed,Radix Pseudostellariae,yam(3)Pain,numbness,tingling,formication,scaly skin,dry mouth,thirst,tongue petechia,dark tongue or dark red or dark purple,moss thin yellow or yellow greasy tongue veins purple or tortuous or distended,or string pulse are commonly seen in Syndrome of Blood stasis obstructing collaterals,the common treatment is activating blood stasis,The representative prescription is Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction and pink Siwu Decoction,The commonly used chinese medicine are Astragalus root,Caulis Spatholobi,earthworm,salvia,angelica,radix rehmanniae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Radix Paeoniae Alba,radix paeoniae rubra,ophiopogon root,safflower,radix puerariae,cassia twig,Achyranthes root,peach kernel.(4)Numbness,pain,cold,formication,scaly skin,fear of wind,big fat tongue,with scalloped edges,pale tongue or pale white or pale red,moss thin white or white littlemoss or slippery or greasy or thin white greasy tongue,purple or choroid tortuous or distended veins.Heavy or astringent or weakness are commonly seen in Syndrome of Yang deficiency and blood stasis,the common treatment is Warming Yang and supplementing qi to invigorate the circulation of blood,The representative prescription are Buyang Huanwu Decoction and Danggui four Sini Decoction,The commonly used chinese medicine are Astragalus membranaceus,Kudzu root,Caulis Spatholobi,white peony,earthworm,ginger,asarum,rice,Jujube,sanqi,aconite,jujube.(5)Pain,numbness,tingling,formication,dry mouth,thirst,Yaoxisuanruan,sweating,insomnia,dizziness,scaly skin,red tongue or dark red,moss thin yellow or yellow and greasy,pulse or fine or disease or number or astringent or weakness or slightly or weak are commonly seen in Syndrome of Liver kidney yin deficiency,the common treatment is Tonifying liver and kidney,The representative prescription is Yuquan beverage,The commonly used chinese medicine are Caulis Spatholobi,Salviamiltiorrhiza,asarum,Tongcao,astragalus,polygonatum,Ge Gen,white peony root,ophiopogon root,Radix Pseudostellariae,bupleurum root,rehmannia.4.Disease characteristics of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitusDPN patients are concentrated in two age groups of 45-65 and 70-90,accounting for 82.23%of the total,and the average age of women is larger than men,the number more than men,indicating that type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy mainly occurs in the elderly population,and the majority are female patients,At the same time,DPN also can be found in 30-45 and 30 years old the following the crowd,indicating that DPN can occur in any age;DPN patients concentrated in Department of Endocrinology,Department of Neurology,Department of acupuncture and moxibustion,as DPN is a neural complications of diabetes,which is in accordence with clinical practice.5.Health economics characteristics of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathyDrug fees,medical fees,inspection fees are most important in hospitalization expenses,and on the whole,they are incresed year by year.The days of hospitalization,hospitalization times,medical treatment,admission condition,disease number is three important factors of them,Shortening the hospitalization days,reducing hospitalization times,improving health care,with the deepening of reform,strengthening education,disease prevention and control,enhancing the management level of hospital and Department of medicine,reducing the hospitalization rate of drug and improving the outpatient department of traditional Chinese medicine proportion,improving medical enthusiasm and work efficiency,is beneficial to reduce the economic burden of patients with type 2 diabetes around neuropathy.6.The syndrome rule of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathyThe common syndromes of DPN patients are Deficiency of both qi and Yin and blood stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and dampness and heat stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and dampness and blood stasis,Qi and yin deficiency and phlegm and blood stasis and internal resistance,Qi and Yin Deficiency,It shows that Qi and yin deficiency is an importan't pathogenesis of DPN.The main elements of syndrome are blood stasis,Qi deficiency,yin deficiency,dampness,heat and phlegm.The location syndrome is mainly manifested in the channels and collaterals,spleen and kidney,which reflects that DPN is characterized by congenital damage and acquired loss of nourishment.7.Combined disease ruleDPN patients are mainly associated with disorders of lipid metabolism;The secondary diagnoses of DPN are mainly diabetic complications and hypertension;The common Combined disease of DPN are hypertension,hyperlipidemia,cataract,arteriosclerosis,fatty liver;In diabetic complications,DPN is most closely related to retinopathy of type 2 diabetes mellitus,followed by type 2 diabetic nephropathy and peripheral vascular disease of type 2 diabetes mellitus;In lipid metabolism disorders,DPN is closely related to hypertension,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,fatty liver,atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease;In Combined disease,Hypertension and coronary heart disease,kidney disease,heart disease,high in type 2 diabetes mellitus type 2 diabetic retinopathy,type 2 diabetic peripheral vascular disease,arteriosclerosis,hyperuricemia,fatty liver are closely related;complications of type 2 diabetes and hypertension,hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,fatty liver,atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease are closely related. |
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