Study On The Effect Of Prairie Highway Transportation Engineering Facilities Information Amount On Driver's Visual Characteristics

The appropriate information amount obtained the driver is the fundamental guarantee of safe driving,insufficient information and information overload will affect the driver's cognition,judgment,decision making and driving behavior,there is a serious threat to safety.Generally,prairie highway have typical characteristics,such as small change of landform,few towns and villages passing by,simple alignment,large sight distance,monotonous landscape,and incomplete highway traffic engineering facilities etc.Driver receives little visual stimulus when driving on the grassland highways and often drags the driver into an unreasonable monotonous state,and it easily results in the psychological and physical fatigue.The issue that insufficient traffic information amount on above the eighty percent prairie highway is discovered by correlative research in earlier stage,which is one of reason result in serious traffic accident frequently.Aim at above-mentioned issue,the appropriate information amount of prairie highway will be core problem and the one of main research object of prairie highway transportation man-machine environment system research.But prairie highway transportation man-machine environment system has numerous factors,traffic engineering facilities is an important part of it,the information provided by it is the main factor affected driver's vision and driving behavior and is the key to affect drivers' road safety.Optimizing traffic engineering facilities design is also the one of effective approach of resolving insufficient traffic information amount on prairie highway.Driver is the main part in the highway transportation man-machine environment system,the eighty percent to ninety percent of information is obtained by vision.The effect of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities information on driver's vision is significance,the effect of traffic engineering facilities of different type on the driver's psychology and physiology is difference.Therefore,based on above background,the relation between traffic engineering facilities information amount and driver's eye movement characteristic is discussed thoroughly on the condition of monotonous landscape when driving on the prairie highway,and then the effect of traffic engineering facilities information amount on the visual characteristic is found.This research can established the key foundation,meanwhile it is also the primary process and the key component for developing the appropriate information amount research of prairie highway transportation man-machine environment system.Theory standard can be provided by this research for existing optimization design and planning to build of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities.There is stronger theoretical and practical meaning for enriching and completing traffic engineering facilities design theory,alleviating driver fatigue,enhance driving safety and developing the appropriate information amount research of prairie highway transportation man-machine environment system.Aim at information environment current situation of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities,based on relevant theory of information quantization,study method of physiological experiment is used,the effect of traffic engineering facilities information amount of the straight line,curve and crossing on dynamic visual characteristic.Aim at typical road condition,design suggestion of traffic engineering facilities is put forward.The main research results were summarized in this paper as follows:(1)The comprehensive survey of typical second level prairie highway traffic engineering facilities was carried out,distribution and characteristic of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities was analyzed and summarized.The setting of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities was not took into account sufficiently the characteristic of prairie highway.The quantitative model of prairie highway traffic engineering facilities was built.The result was that single information amount main focused on the range of 0 to 1 Obits,the information amount density main focused on the range of 0 to 10bits/km,and the information amount of curve and crossing main focused on the range of 0 to 10bits.(2)The effect of traffic engineering facilities information amount on the straight line was significance comparatively on driver's Fixation Duration,Dispersion X,Dispersion Y,Pupil Size,and Saccades Average Speed,not significance on Saccades Duration.The effect of traffic engineering facilities information amount on the curve and crossing was significance on the six eye movement indexes.The eye movement indexes was not linear variation with information amount increasing.(3)Driver appeared easily attention decline within the range of 0 to 10bits/km on the straight line,and the eighty percent to ninety percent of information amount was within the range,driver obtained few stimulus on the section of low information amount,attention declined and appeared various psychological and physical fatigue,and threaten seriously driving safety.Driver's processing time of information was fast,visual search scope was large,the mental load was less,and information catch was efficient within the range of 30 to 40bits/km,the range was the appropriate information amount range on the straight line,it will provide the scientific theoretical basis.The eye movement indexes within the range of above 40bits/km explained that information overload bring the negative effects,the result will provide the threshold for setting and optimizing,and deprecated beyond the range.(4)The function of the range of 0 to 10bits was not significance on the curve.The range of 10 to 20bits was reasonable,it was the appropriate information amount range,and it will provide the scientific theoretical basis for setting and optimizing on the curve.(5)The information amount of eighty percent sections on the crossing main focused on the range of 0 to 10bits,the information amount within range can be noticed,but the effect was not significance.The effect of information amount within the range of 20 to 30bits was best,was the appropriate information amount range on the crossing,and it will provide the scientific theoretical basis for setting and optimizing for on the crossing.(6)The effect of information amount on the driver's visual characteristic was also affected by driving experience,and the practical problem of driving experience was be considered in the prairie highway traffic engineering facilities.