Taxonomy Of Chaetopteridae And Maldanidae(Annelida: Polychaeta)from China Seas

Chaetopteridae and Maldanidae are two tubicolous and common families of Polychaeta(Annelida)found in hard or soft substrates from intertidal zone to deep sea.They are very difficult to get complete specimens and identify.Their taxonomy and systematics knowledge are still poorly known.The taxonomy of Chaetopteridae and Maldanidae from China seas is firstly studied by the present work.Geographical distribution of each species is provided.Taxonomic confusion of some taxa are amended.The examined materials include specimens deposited in the Marine Biological Museum,Chinese Academy of Sciences(MBM,CAS)and the specimens recently collected from China seas.The taxonomic information of each taxon is described in detail.One new genus was erected.Eight new species were described and ten species were firstly recorded from China seas.Systematic value of chaetae and nuchal grooves ultrastructure was explored.Based on literatures and the specimens,we summarized and emended the diagnostic information of subfamilies and genera of these two families.Keys to distinguish subfamilies,genera and species are provided.This study provides basic data for taxonomy and zoogeography of polychaetes from Indo-Pacific region.Four genera and ten species of Chaetopteridae are described,including two newly recorded species widely distributed in the Yellow Sea: Spiochaetopterus koreana and S.sanbanzensis.Spiochaetopterus koreana occurs in coastal waters while S.sanbanzensis widely occurs in soft sediments of offshore waters.Spiochaetopterus costarum,a species reported previously from China seas,is distinctly a misidentification.This species is restricted to Mediterranean-Atlantic areas.A new species,Phyllochaetopterus hainanensis Wang & Li,2016,was found based on materials from Hainan Island.The new species can be easily distinguished from close species by a pair of stout curved “cirri” located on the base of palps.Sixteen genera and thirty-one species belong to Maldanidae are described.Six subfamilies and their genera are summarized and emended according to new high classification of the family.Six genera and seventeen species of subfamily Euclymeninae Arwidsson,1906 are described,including two new species,Clymenella crassa sp.nov.and Isocirrus qingdaoensis sp.nov.One species,Clymenopsis cingulata(Ehlers,1887),belonging to subfamily Lumbriclymeninae Arwidsson,1906,is reported from the China seas for the first time.Five genera and seven species belonging to subfamily Maldaninae Malmgren,1867 described here with new taxonomic revision.One new genus(Paramaldane Wang & Li,2016),three new species(Maldane adunca Wang & Li,2016,Paramaldane glandicincta Wang & Li,2016 and Sabaco sinicus sp.nov.)and a newly recorded species(Chirimia biceps)from the China seas are described.Sabaco sinicus sp.nov.,previously recorded as Asychis gangeticus,is found widely distributing in the South China Sea and the East China Sea.Three species including a new species,Petaloproctus cerasinus sp.nov.,belonging to two genera of subfamily Nicomache Malmgren,1865 are described.Notoproctus pacificus,belonging to subfamily Notoproctinae Detinova,1985,reported from Taiwan Strait previously,without specimens to support the report.A species of the subfamily Rhodine Malmgren,1865,Rhodine gracilior Tauber,1879,is reported for the first time from the North Yellow Sea.