| With growing development of economic globalization and global financial integration,the banking industry can achieve sustainable development only by joining the internationalfinancial system. Banking external open and internal open are effective ways for ChineseBanks to participate in global financial activities. At the end of2006, the launch of lawadministrative regulations on foreign Banks of People’s Republic of China is a milestonethat China’s banking industry has entered a new period of all-round opening to the outsideworld. At the same time, China’s banking industry is also trying the "go out" strategy, andthe domestic commercial Banks will be under huge challenge during the mutual learningwith foreign banks. The comprehensive opening up of China’s banking industry has pushedbanking competition up to a new stage. On the other hand, with the quickening pace ofChina banking industry reform and opening-up, the increasingly complex economic andfinancial situation, and the growing international competition pressure, what position thebanking industry opening-up and banking competition level is in and which stage Chinabanking competition level is at, these are all important issues needing to be answered.Considering international situation, the increase of banking industry opening-up has bothadvantages and disadvantages. Some countries have improved their banking industrycompetitiveness while some countries have weakened their competitiveness. What impactsdoes banking industry opening-up have on China bank industry competition? It is urgentfor us to attaches great importance to the problem. Under this circumstance, this articleattempts to make a comprehensive evaluation about China banking industry opening-uplevel and China banking competitiveness, to study the competition mechanism of bankingopening-up and banking competitiveness, and to analyze the influence of the bankopening-up on bank industry competitiveness.The paper is divided into eight chapters:The first chapter is introduction. This part is a general introduction of the full text, it helps us to sort out the article ideas and grasp the full text through gaining a clear thoughtof the paper, the research framework, research methods, main innovation points and roomfor further study.The second chapter is literature review. This part gives a systematic review of relevantliterature and also provides a brief evaluation. The review about financial opening-up level,banking opening-up level and banking competitive provides analysis thought andmeasurement methods for bank opening-up and quantitative research of bankcompetitiveness. By means of reviewing bank opening-up motivation literature, it providesa theoretical basis and method for mechanism about bank opening-up and bankcompetitiveness. It provides a literature review about bank industry opening-up, especiallythe entry influence of foreign banks on the host country. We study the breakthrough point,and provides reference later for the construction of empirical model. Research institutionsand scholars at home and abroad have made achievements on banking industry opening-up,commercial bank competitiveness, and the effects of banking opening-up on bankingindustry. However, no one has made a comprehensive measure about china bankopening-up, and the study about longitudinal dynamic changes in China bank industrycompetitiveness also needs attaching great importance. The study about influence of bankopening-up level on bank competitiveness is relatively small.The third chapter is a quantitative research and evaluation for China bank industryopening-up level. This part defines the concept of bank industry opening-up, constructs thecomprehensive evaluation system of China bank industry external and internal opening-up,from the perspective of China banking industry officially promised and actual opening-uplevel. It comes to a conclusion that the current opening-up level China bank officiallypromises to the outside world is in the medium level of the world. By contrast, the actualopening-up level of China’s bank industry is very low, obviously behind the officiallydomestic committed level. Compared with America, the actual external and internalopening-up level of China’s banking industry is relatively at low level.The fourth chapter is the quantitative study and evaluation of China bankgcompetitiveness. This part defines banking competitiveness, constructs the evaluationsystem of banking competitiveness, and provides quantitative analysis and evaluation ofthe progress of longitudinal changes in China’s banking industry competitiveness. Theconclusion is that the longitudinal changes of bank comprehensive competitiveness are generally upward, by studying12samples except Hua Xia bank. The horizontalcomparison shows the five big state-owned commercial banks are experiencing the trend ofrelatively weak to relatively strong, meanwhile the joint-stock commercial Banks aremostly experiencing from the trend of relatively strong to relatively weak. The reason hassomething to do with competitiveness rise of the five large state-owned commercial banksunder shareholding system reform. International comparison shows that the gap betweenChina’s bank industry competitiveness and that of large international bank is narrowing。This may be related to the selected scale indicators under the world ranking of "bankers",may also be big Banks decreace in the US and Europe in2008after the U.S. subprimemortgage crisis, of course, the rise in comprehensive competitiveness of China’s bankingsector.The fifth chapter analyses the impact mechanism of banking industry opening-up onbanking industry competitiveness. This part constructs the mathematical analysis modeland analyses the impact of banking industry opening-up on the host country and homecountry banking competitiveness. It proposes that under certain assumed conditions, theforeign Banks continual entering and China Banks continual going abroad has leading toloans and deposits reduction as well as profits decrease of China host bank （h）,multinational bank （m） and foreign Bank （f）. It also carries out theoretical analysis ofimpact about banking industry opening home and abroad. Banking industry opening-up hasimpacts on the host country bank competitiveness through spillover effect and competitioneffect. Banking internal opening-up have impact on host bank competitiveness throughlearning effect, scale economy effect and market expansion effect.The sixth chapter is the empirical research part. Referring to Claessens （2001）model, it constructs an empirical analysis model when taking into consideration Chinaactual situation.It applies panel data model to analyze the impact of banking industryopening-up on China banking industry competitiveness. It carries out empirical analysis ofprofitability index, liquidity index, security index, adequate capital index,, financialinnovation index,, operational efficiency index,, market power index and comprehensivecompetitiveness index from point of banking industry officially promised opening-up level,banking industry actually opening-up level, external and internal. It comes to a conclusionthat the banking industry officially promised opening-up level generally has positiveinfluence on China bank industry comprehensive competitiveness. Banking industry real opening-up level has significantly negative influence on China banking industrycomprehensive competitiveness, banking industry actually external opening-up level andinternal opening-up level are no exceptions. This is not conflict with the increase thecompetitiveness of banking industry. Just shows the possibility of a rise in comprehensivecompetitiveness of China’s banking sector caused reasons not realistic banking opennesslevel changes, and may be other factors. Such as the profits of monopoly market structure，higher spreads under interest rate control system, the state-owned commercial Banksshareholding system reform and China relatively strong economic fundamental support.The seventh chapter is countermeasures and suggestions part. We should make use ofthe positive impact of banking industry external opening-up from spillover effects andpaying attention to safety. We should make use of the positive impact of banking industryinternal opening-up from learning effect, economies of scale and market expansion effect.And made our suggestion to reasonable opening of banking industry and improvement ofbanking industry competitiveness.The eighth chapter is the conclusion and further research prospect. It summarizes theresearch of study. It proposes further research prospect for measuring the managementability of commercial banks, discusses by stage the influences of banking industryopening-up on of bank competitiveness, and also discusses the influence of bankingindustry opening-up on bank competitiveness in terms of bank types. |
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