A Study On Collaborative Supply Chain Based On Contract Cooperation And Information Sharing

With the big wave of economical globalization, market competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and the competitive pressure between the supply chains gets greater and greater. It becomes an important research direction of supply chain management that how to quickly respond to uncertain market demand, to reduce the manufacturing and distribution costs, to shorten production and delivery time, and to achieve efficient supply chain collaboration. Contract cooperation and information sharing are two main means to achieve supply chain collaboration. The market demand has got the characteristics of diversity, personalization, miniaturization, etc, which vary from minute to minute; the research of information sharing and contract cooperation also appears some new trends. In view of these characteristics and trends, the research of supply chain collaboration management needs to be done further innovatively and deeply. Based on the summary and induction of the research methods, the content and the means in the field of the supply chain collaboration at home and abroad, from the angle of the system, comprehensively considering several important problems in the collaborative management of the supply chain, namely the contract cooperation, information sharing, emergency management, performance evaluation, employing coordination theory, game theory, the optimization theory, the operations research theory, and the theory of supply chain management, and by using the combination of quantitative and qualitative research, this paper studies the collaboration among suppliers, the cooperative game and coordination of suppliers and the core enterprise in the supply chain, emergency management in the collaborative management of the supply chain, supply chain collaboration performance evaluation analysis based on contract cooperation and information sharing. In this paper, the innovation of supply chain collaboration has been implemented; it can improve the method system and provide some theoretical guidance and reference for the practice of collaborative supply chain management.The major research work is as follows.(I) Considering the framework of the supply chain strategic partnership and using Nash game theory, we have investigated the competition of supply companies in the supply chain in cases of independent deployment of resources and Collaborative deployment of resources, and the differences of impactions on the supplier benefits under the two situations, and supplier’s collaboration to maximize its collective interests, and to maximize the benefits of the core manufacturing enterprise. Based on the analysis of game and collaboration between suppliers and core manufacturing enterprise, we have established bi-level programming model of game and collaboration, which is on-time delivery incentive contract under the uncertain response time. Through the analysis of the optimality of the model, we have discussed the interaction between core manufacturer’s decisions and supplier’s decisions in the on-time procurement process, analyzed and figured out the necessary conditions for the existence of Stackelberg equilibrium in unconstrained circumstances, and then developed an efficient algorithm between the core manufacturers and suppliers by making use of simulated annealing algorithm for upper programming model, combined with the interior point method for solving the underlying programming model.(II) Information Independence among enterprises and time-varying demand are the two main sources of uncertainty in the supply chain. To solve this problem, the supply chain collaboration is studied based on time-varying demand and information sharing from the respective of tactical supply chain collaboration. By designing information sharing measure index which includes the breadth and depth of information collaboration, the numerical relationship between information sharing and cost is established, and a collaborative model is constructed that is composed of the manufacturers, upstream supplies and downstream distributors under the condition of information sharing combined with incentive mechanisms. Using the Nash equilibrium of game theory and the profit maximization for the manufacturing enterprise is analyzed, so is the optimal supply quantity and profits of distributors and suppliers, including those who have a hand in information sharing and those who have not. The resolution of added-value is gained for the manufacturers, suppliers and distributors after implementing information sharing. Finally, incentive and constraint mechanisms of the supply chain information sharing have been studied. (III) By analyzing the characteristics of the emergency on the supply chain system, emergency management strategy has been explored. According to the characteristics of supply chain emergencies impact on supply chain system, aiming at "supply-production-sales" three level supply chain collaborative system under the impact of unexpected events, combing information sharing with contract incentive strategy, in nonlinear demand conditions, integrated decision-making model of emergency management strategy of supply chain system is established, which includes supply chain system need emergency and production capacity emergency that are based on contract cooperation and information sharing.(IV) From three aspects of the collaborative support, collaborative process and cooperative results, the performance evaluation index system has been established on the basis of incentive contract collaboration and information sharing. The analytic network process (ANP) software is used to calculate the weight of each level index; the trapezoidal fuzzy ordered weighted averaging operator (TFOWA) is employed to calculate the index value; the model’s effectiveness is validated through the example of railway locomotive manufacturing enterprise, and the assessment results accord with this enterprise’s practical operation of supply chain.