| Traditional industries are facing the trend of decline which is common over the development of economy and is the inevitable result of industrial improvement in the development of society. It accords with periodic objective laws of industries from terms of production, development, maturity to decline.Sericulture has a long history in China. The silk production of China, accounting for82%of the world’s output, is highly competitive in the world market. With the development of economy and the change of consumer market, though sericulture is flourishing in terms of techniques, market and industrial organization etc, there are several problems, for instance, the limit of industrial scale and market, the quality of additional value of product, the decline of profitability and the loss of factors of production etc. Therefore, it is in face of the pressure of industrial transformation. Researching on the problems of traditional sericulture gives a lesson to the transformation of other traditional agriculture and industries that face the problem of decline. It is strategically important and historically significant to discuss the way sericulture transforms.Because of the supervision of government and the influence of planned economy, the operational principle of sericulture is rigid and the techniques are not advanced enough. Meanwhile, the area layout is imbalance and government pay little attention to the development of sericulture. Therefore, it is complicated to reconstruct industrial chains and have sericulture transformation.At the moment, the researches of modern sericulture transformation and mulberry ecology in China are based on technical level, rather than industrial level in which not so many researches from home and abroad discuss the development direction and ways of sericulture. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to research the way traditional sericulture accommodates the requirements of China’s social and economic development, transform industries and maintain sustainable development.I Methods And Contents of the Research This thesis, based on industry-structure theory, industrial life cycle theory, sustainable development theory and technological innovation, makes use of multi-disciplinary analysis and analysis of quantity and quality. It focuses on the theoretical basis of sericulture industrial transformation, the estimate of expected effects and research area after transformation.1. Through examining the history of world sericulture, this thesis analyzes the evolution of social and economic function of sericulture and the factors of vicissitude of sericulture. And it researches on, during the rapid economic development, the tendency of China’s sericulture in terms of industrial development mode, technological features, product structure and market etc. It also discusses the problems of sericulture in production, market, techniques, economic function etc and the internal motivation and outside pressure of China sericulture transformation.2. This thesis analyzes the technology of Japan’s sericulture over its recession, the characteristics of silk fibers and its market. It discusses the market and development of China’s diversified sericulture. Combing with huge requirements of China’s development and its own features of resource and technology, this thesis, applying sustainable development, focuses on the comparison, and selection of China’s sericulture transformation and the discussion that the way it transforms.3. Utilizing ecology research methods, this thesis compares the expected profitability of China’s sericulture transformation with that of ecological condition, evaluates the economic condition after transformation and, in accordance with the change of innovation objectives after transformation, comes up with research direction and key issues.Ⅱ Conclusions And InnovationsConclusions1. The history of the shift of the center of world sericulture shows that world sericulture center is dynamically changed and is influenced by3major factors which are demand, technology and benefit. The basis of development of sericulture is market and social demand. Technological improvement is the internal motivation of sericulture. Comparative benefit is the key to industrial scale.2. Currently, the problems of China’s sericulture are the limit of consumer market, the decline of comparative benefit, the delaying of technological development and the weakening of social and economic functions etc. Thus, sericulture steps into recession and is dying to have industrial transformation.3. What Japan did in the industrial recession to develop sericulture is to improve productivity and expand functions of fiber. However, it appeared to have little effect. This thesis proves that silk, as the small breed of fiber industry, has some weakness such as the limit of growth and the slowness of growth rate. Thus, the sustainable development of China’s sericulture is not on the basis of increasing fiber consumption.4. Because of the weakening of social and economic functions of China’s sericulture, finding out what suits social and economic development is the priority after transformation. Diversified sericulture, with mulberry at the core, is way better than traditional sericulture in terms of development of market and region. Mostly, it meets the need of ecological construction and is best for China’s sericulture transformation.5. China’s diversified sericulture after transformation is the new industry that focuses on both ecological and economic benefit on the basis of ecological management. The way it develops is to bring mulberries ecological advantages in to play. It is of importance to plant mulberries as protection forest in upper reaches of Yangtze River and especially in certain ecologically fragile areas like arid area, alkaline soil and desert. Its development patterns are modern sericulture pattern, mulberry-livestock complex ecological pattern, agro-mulberry ecosystem and ecological management pattern.6. Speaking of LUE, conversion rate of dry matters and profitability, diversified sericulture is better than traditional sericulture. The LUE of traditional mulberry field is2.5%. Through developing intercropping of mulberry field, LUE can be raised to3.2%. The conversion rate of matters from what is produced in mulberry field to cocoon is around15.5%. The conversion rate can be raised to34.66%, increasing by123.61%. The value of primary product in mulberry field is increased by182.22%.7. Mulberries featured in water conservation, soil conservation, wind sheltering and sand fixation, air purifying and dealing with soil heavy metal pollution. According to statistics of broad-leaved forest, it estimates that conservation of mulberry field soil in bumper period is worth1516.39yuan/hm2·a. Conserving water is worth341.97yuan/hm2·a; air wastes disposal,1771.89yuan/hm2·a; carbon sequestration,18528yuan/hm2·a. It is estimates that the total ecological mulberry field is worth34413.94yuan/hm2·a, among which the highest is the value of carbon sequestration which accounts for90%of estimated ecological cost. The ecological value of mulberry field is higher than that of traditional sericulture.8. After transformation, the way sericulture develops and areas it researches in are different from that of traditional sericulture. Diversified sericulture, thus, should adjust its research direction.Ⅲ Innovations1. This thesis systematically analyzes the history, status quo and problems of China’s sericulture. In terms of the shift of world sericulture center, this thesis focuses on the vicissitude of sericulture, which is new in China’s sericulture researches. And it finds out that China’s sericulture steps into recession and is dying to have industrial transformation.2. Through analyzing the way Japan sericulture flourishes and the market features of silk consumption, this thesis proves that it is hard to maintain the development of sericulture keeping pace with China’s economic increase from the perspective of expanding industrial transformation of silk usages. There are several difficulties such as no breakthroughs in a short time, the sluggish consumer market, the shortage of farm labor, the decline of comparative benefit of silkworm breeding, but diversified development and utilization of mulberries have huge potential. And mulberries are drought-enduring, alkali-resisting, barren-resisting pest-resisting. Given the advantages of mulberries, this thesis indicates that the best way for China’s sericulture transformation is to transform from the core of silk production to diversified sericulture featured in ecological functions of mulberries, which is a breakthrough of traditional approaches.3. Based on ecosystem fundamentals, this thesis analyzes producing process and mechanism of diversified sericulture. It points out that the way it develops is making full use of advantages of mulberries and is what national ecological project entails. All that matters is to reconstruct industrial chains with feed mulberry, mulberry, mulberry food and ecological tourism. It could apply different development patterns such as modern sericulture, mulberry-livestock complex ecological pattern, agro-mulberry ecosystem and ecological management pattern. It, with ecological approaches, estimates the ecological and economic benefit of diversified sericulture, shows the research direction and focus of diversified sericulture and provides the industrial transformation of China’s diversified sericulture with strong theoretical and technical support. |
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