A Study Of Influence Of Collegiate Parks To Urban Development In China

Started at the beginning of21st century, continuous construction of large scale collegiate parks has been making a tendency in China mainland. Although there is various and discrepant regional economic development and unbalanced distribution of educational resources among the areas, great enthusiasm and huge investment to the construction bears no obvious difference. What is more, despite that these collegiate parks were labeled by "College Town", as a unique university existence form in their related city, much gap between the parks and their so called overseas counterparts may be found through both the discrimination of educational conceptions and especially due of case studies of symbiosis development between university and city all over the world as well.For China’s hitherto exclusive economic development experience, the development models of both Chinese universities and cities have their own characteristic. Naturally, the symbiotic and reciprocal development between academic institutes and their cities differs from that of abroad. Therefore, in view of that knowledge based society demands a tight connection among the construction of collegiate parks, the urbanization of metropolitan cities and enhancement of urban competitiveness, the positive role of collegiate parks to the development of cities was concerned by this dissertational thesis. And consequently, by exploring and explicating the relationship between universities and their cities’ social, economic and cultural development, the roles of universities to cities’economic productivity and daily life activity were presented, and inherent regulations of collegiate parks to cities urbanization and competitive strength were forwarded.This thesis consists of7chapters:In Chapter1, the introduction to this dissertation, the backgrounds of this research were given. Not only a review of the construction of collegiate parks in China mainland, but also some literature review of this field was outlined. Then, with a comparison and contrast to some related definitions, the main content of the dissertation and the research scale were accounted.In Chapter2, various backup and referential theories to the research, such as the theory of Human Capital, the theory of Growth Pole, the theory of Agglomeration, the theory of Innovation, the theory of Triple Helix and the theory of Triple-zone Symbiosis, were illuminated and enlightened. And serial theories concerning the urbanization and urban competitions were specified.In Chapter3, the thesis carries on the analysis from the visible influence that collegiate parks make on cities. By changing the way of land use, boosting mass construction of traffic infrastructure and changing regional industrial structure, the collegiate park does great help on the process of urbanization. With the analysis to the characteristics of the collegiate parks’promotion to urbanized area, it is suggested that the construction of collegiate parks might be a feasible way to China urbanization. According to the development strategies of city, we determine the factors affecting location of the college town to form the index system about evaluation. The index weight is calculated using AHP to establish a fuzzy evaluation model about evaluation of the college town’s location. Based on fuzzy AHP method, we evaluated the location of Tianjin Haihe college town. Lang fang Oriental Collegiate Park is also analyzed as a counterexample of wrong location choice of collegiate park.To assert the significant and foremost role of collegiate parks to the enhancement of cities’ competitive strength, an analysis was conducted in Chapter4. As a partial conclusion, collegiate parks may give various effects to the strength from the angle such as the accumulation of human capital, adaptation to high-tech industry, optimization of living and amusement surrounding, the diversity and containing ability of community, and identification awareness to due region. We established an evolutionary game model of knowledge-sharing mechanism in university town. We also analysed its evolutionary procedure on the view of evolutionary game theroy. Morever, key factors such as cultural absorption ablility and its profit, the differences of konwledge between universities are researched in this paper.To provide Chinese collegiate parks some international illuminations and experience, some foreign university-city relationship analysis and three typical long time running university-based world famous scientific parks, the Cambridge in England, Stanford in America, and Tsukuba in Japan were case studied in Chapter5. The Cambridge is a typical example of harmonious town-gown relationship and developed into modern hi-tech city from traditional college town. The Stanford Research Park from which the well-known Silicon Valley originated is the most successful case of university-industry synergy. The Tsukuba Scientific City is the typical case of new city construction based on university and research institutes.Chapter6is about a typical case study on symbiosis between collegiate park and city. The Haihe Educational Park is located between central urban area and coastal urban area of Tianjin. This collegiate park in Tianjin could effectively boost the urbanization and promote the urban competitiveness. The problem about "how could Haihe Educational Park develop from a Collegiate Park into a College Town" is also discussed.Chapter7is the conclusion of the whole dissertation. The positive effect that China collegiate parks make on city and the problems to be solved is summarized. It is believed that the future China collegiate parks are to become an important part of metropolis.The deficiency of this dissertation is that since China’s Collegiate Park construction has not last for long enough time so it’s not easy to make deep research on this topic. Follow-up study on new phenomena and problems of symbiosis between Collegiate Parks and cities will be continued.