The Study On Modern University Governance Logic And The Realization Path In The University Of China

The university is a special social organization, which not only contains a variety ofacademic organizations in various subjects and professions, but also is an orderlyadministrative organization with relatively complex hierarchical structure and varioussubordinate relationships. The teaching staff there belongs both to the academic and theadministrative organization. Moreover, the university distinguishes itself from othersocial organizations for its educational and academic function and achieves its value inteaching, research and intelligence service activities. As a non-profit organization, thegovernance of the university is different from the corporate or the rural governance. Andit has become a new bright spot to study the university system from the standpoint ofgovernance, which makes the university governance attractive for the researchers."Fromthe modern company to college and grassroots community, it can do without thegovernment’s rule, but not the governance, if efficient and orderly operation is required.The basic problem of university governance is that what kind of system can guaranteethe realization of the ideas and objectives of the university. On one hand, it’s because theimportance of research object. The governance study involves of policies, laws,management systems and operation mechanism and so on in higher education research,which implies the basic and comprehensive research values. On the other hand, it’sunique and novel to study the university governance which has a profound explanatoryand adaptability for the study of the organization rules and the system arrangement withits logic of rational choice. What’s more, the University governance research has strongpractical significance. Chinese universities are largely transplanted product anddeveloping under the late-development exogenous way. The existing university system,affected by the planned-economy system could not adapt to the socialist market-orientedeconomy system. Thus the university governance research will be devoted to providing aforward-looking feasible proposal to this problem.Since the reform and opening-up, the school-running autonomy of Chinese university has been constantly expanded and implemented, and the universities finallywin the status of a legal entity. According to the higher education law promulgated in1998, the government was prohibited from the monopoly control of the university whichstipulates the relationship between the government and universities from legalperspective. Moreover, the fundraising channel of universities is diversified, meaning thatgovernment allocation is no longer the only source of funds for universities. Statistically,the proportion of the educational funds released by government is decreasing annually;the input by government is increasing though. That’s why the universities establishextensive connections with social organizations and education market to seek financialsupport. In the modern society, as the transformation of government functions and thestrengthening of the third sector, the monopoly control of the university by government issure to be broken. The relationship among the government, university and the society willbe more interactive under the condition of market-oriented economy, which base therealization of university governance.University must adopt the form of non-profit organization governance, and must bean HR-oriented organization. University has numerous stakeholders, constituting itsexternal management environment and internal governance structure. In externalmanagement environment, university law, government, higher education market andagencies have different effect on the university system; in the internal governancestructure, corporate governance structure and principal responsibility under the leadershipof the Party committee make administrative power and academic power the maindualistic cores. This paper intends to combine external management and internalgovernance of the university to constitute the university governance on the structure ofmultiple incremental institutional arrangements.This study tries to putting forward a multi-subject participative progressive externalmanagement environment and inner governance structure reform plan with Chinesecharacteristics for modern university, in reference to the main government modes ofuniversities all around the world, on the basis of the comparative analysis of the insideand outside governance mechanism specialty of Chinese modern university. It starts withthe presentation of the evolution of college and university system theory, and governancetheory from the perspective of research. This paper can be divided into five parts: the first part is the basic standpoint of themodern university system.It analysis the generative process of university and universitysystem based on "University is a special kind of social agency.Firstly, clarify the systemand connotation of university,demonstrate the characteristics of modern university,probethe basic logic of the university system and the logic attribution of modern universitysystem and define a series of basic questions of the university system.Meanwhile, in linewith the analysis of governance system, the conclusion is that the publicity of theuniversity is the basis of university governance, and relying too much on professional,technical and other advanced knowledge is the particularity and difficulty of universitygovernance.The second part studies and analysis the age changes and present difficulties of theuniversity governance modes in China.By scientific considering the age changes of theuniversity system in the late Qing Dynasty,the Republic of China,after new Chinaestablished and since the reform and opening-up,analyze and judge modern universityexternal management environment and the internal governance structure of our country.The third part: some enlightenment acquired from the comparison and analysis ofsome mainstream university governance modes in the West. By comparing the universitygovernance modes in the United States, Germany, Britain and France, we can concludethat there are three main modern university governance structure; namely theinsider-supervision relational governance structure, the national-supervisionadministrative governance structure and the agency-supervision compound governancestructure, which propose some references for our university governance structure.The fourth part: the construction of modern university external managementenvironment and the internal governance structure. After analyzing the evolution ofinternal and external university governance structure, the paper points out the relationshipamong the university law, government, higher education market, agencies(third sector)and universities, and also puts forward some concrete suggestions. With regard to itsinternal governance structure, the paper proposes suggestions on intensive construction ofthe university corporate governance structure, improving the Party committee under theleadership of the principal responsibility system, constructing academic dominantgovernance structure, perfecting democracy and scientific management mechanism. The last part: the choice of modern university governance paths——a multi-subjectparticipative progressive reform.Through the four parts analysis above, the author concludes that as a multivariateinterest public non-profit social organization, the university is a typical knowledgeablean HR-oriented organization. To maximize social function of the university and realizeits goal, a multi-subject participative progressive reform plan is the construction anddirection of the development of modern university system with Chinese characteristicsin the macroscopic background currently.