The Research On The Marine Industry Structure Adjustment And Optimization In Bohai Rim Region

Since1970’s, the marine economy especially marine emerging industry growsquickly in the world.Our country has rich marine resources and Chinese governmentpays more attention to the development of marine economy and marine industrystructure optimization.Bohai rim region is one of our country’s important marineeconomic regions, but recently the economic growth rate declines.The proportion ofoutput value accounted for the region output and national marine output declines also.The reason is the problems in marine industry structure, in addition to nationaleconomic cycles and the western financial crisis.According to the different classification of marine industry, there are threemarine industrial structure, region marine industry structure, department marineindustrial structure and traditional, emerging and future marine industrialstructure.Adjustment and optimization of marine industry structure is affected by thenatural resources, demand, technology, government policy, national economicdevelopment level and other factors.The evolution of marine industrial structurefollows the leading industry conversion rule, three marine industrial structurechanging rule and the intensity of marine industry production factors fluctuant rule.The marine output grows continuously, but the growth rate of marine economicgross in Bohai rim region declined recently. According to the coastline marineeconomy density, the economic development degree in Bohai rim region is higherthan the national average level.The marine industries such as marine fishery developrapidly.The overall labor productivity is higher than the national average level.Themarine science and technology in Bohai rim region is at the leading level in ourcountry, which is an important drivingforce for the development of marine economy.Marine industrial structure in Bohai rim region presents second, third, firststructure.The proportion of the first marine industry and the second marine industrydeclines,while the proportion of the third marine industry rises slightly, whichbasically conforming to the marine industrial structure evolution. Through the marineindustrial structure change value analysis, three industrial structure changes in Bohairim are slower. Although the economic specialization degree of Bohai rim region islower than the national average level, but the first industry in Liaoning and inShandong, the second, the third industry in Tianjin and inShandong have theadvantages of specialization.The pillar industries in Bohai rim region are marine fishery, coastal tourism andmarine communications and transportation industry. The marine salt industry, marinechemical industry, offshore oil and gas industry occupy an important position in ourcountry.In addition, seawater utilization industry, marine medicine, marineengineering equipment in Bohai rimregion have a leading position in China.Marine emerging industry developed rapidly, but the traditional marine industry still dominates in Bohai rim region.The marine emerging industries in Shandongdevelop faster than the traditional industries, but slower than the national marineemerging industry. Marine emerging industry in Liaoning develops later. Althoughthe starting point is higher, but the development is not stable, partial industry developsrapidly and partial industry output fell.The marine economy of Shandong accounts for more than50%of economicoutput.On the regional structure, the proportion of Shandong, Tianjin marine economyincreased gradually, while Liaoning, Hebei gradually declined. Through the marineindustry per capita output coefficient and marine industrial structure deviation degreeanalysis, the labor productivity of marine industry in Tianjin, Shandong, Hebei ishigher than the national average level;the marine industry labor productivity inShandong、Hebei、Liaoning、Tianjin is higher than other industries within the region.Marine industry structural adjustment in Bohai rim region should adhere to thefollowing principles: to change development mode, realize the comprehensive,harmonious, sustainable development; to coordinate with the national, regionalindustrial structure optimization direction; to play area advantage; to pay attention tothe development of science and technology.Through the analysis of grey correlation analysis and location entropy, Bohai rimregion should develop coastal tourism, marine oil and gas industry, marine chemicalindustry, marine biological medicine as the leading industry.To optimizate the threemarine industrial structure.Bohai rim region should consolidate the three major pillarindustries, optimizing the internal structure,and develop marine oil and gas industry,marine salt industry, marine chemical industry and marine biological medicine. Theregion should reform the traditional marine industry with technology, and speed upthe marine emerging industry especially the strategy marine emerging industrydevelopment.Shandong, Tianjin should steadily develop the marine economy andimprove the economic benefits. Liaoning and Hebei should speed up the developmentof marine economy, increasing the output value of marine economy.In order to promote Bohai rim region to adjust and optimize the industrialstructure, in terms of policy recommendations:to establish resources developmentcooperation and coordination mechanism in Bohai rim region;to strengthencooperation with neighboring countries and regions;to improve the laws andregulations, strengthen marine management;to establish a plurality of marineresources development and investment mechanism;to construct ocean science andtechnology innovation system;to strengthen the protection of marine ecologicalenvironment.