Study On The Influence Of Derived Variety On Rice Breeding Innovation And Application

Breeding of improved varieties and promotion plays an important role in the growth of China’s agricultural science and technology and food. With the implementation of the system of new plant variety protection, authorized varieties gradually play a key role in the upgrading of crop varieties, and a substantial increase in the number using the same authorized parents bred new varieties. The new plant variety protection system in China has not to make the law of derived varieties. Derived varieties not only can apply for variety rights, but also do not need to obtain the permission of the initial variety rights in the commercial production and sales process. International disputes to strengthen intellectual property protection for a long time. The regulation on derived varieties in the new plant variety protection system in China has become the focus.The ultimate goal of agricultural varieties technological innovation is to get more excellent new varieties, promote agricultural development through technological innovation. The spillover of the initial variety technological innovation to enhance social welfare, however, the premise of social or consumer access to this spillover effect is the growing technological innovation. The problem is that the current derived variety in China whether affected the growth of technological innovation, and ultimately affect the social and consumers improved welfare through a spillover. Therefore, the economic effect research of the derived variety is very important.In this study, we will start with the spillover of the initial variety technological innovation and we will analyze breeding innovation and promotion on the whole. This thesis includes two main parts:First, we’ll look at the value orientation of the new plant variety protection system in China from the origin of the derived variety regulation, which is the international breeder’s rights change, and analyze the influence of the derived variety on rice variety protection and promotion trend. The second part talks about its economic effects on the rice production and farmer’s production income, and the further impacts of limits of derived varieties. The specific contents are as follows:Part1:derived variety regulation origin and developing countries’managementThis section aims to lay the foundation of the following analysis. At present, developed countries strongly promote the high standards protection UPOV1991text and thus limit derived varieties, which is the result of powerful multinational seed industry groups’ interest-driven. However, the derived variety regulation cannot provide a comprehensive, systematic protection of germplasm resources in developing countries. China should firstly improve agricultural genetic resources conservation system.The new plant variety protection system in China is different with developed countries.China aims to protect breeding innovation achievements and promote the use of them. The overall objective is to encourage breeders to continue to engage in the breeding, farmers and consumers to enjoy more productive, better-quality plant products.Part2:influence and analysis of the derived variety on rice variety protection and its application trendApplication of pedigree analysis to obtain pedigree of initial varieties and their derived varieties, this thesis analyzes the influence of the derived varieties on the breeding innovation and promotion trend, to further analyze the potential impact of limits of derived varieties.Three main conclusions are as follows:Firstly, the derived variety breeding promotes the innovation growth. The spillover of initial breed technical innovation stimulated the enthusiasm of innovation. Growth will depend on the initial supply level. The specific performance for the role differentiation:the spillover of public initial varieties promoted enterprise innovation and growth, so that private breeding has development space. Second, the derived varieties promotion increases variety supply and variety selectivity, to improve diversity promotion. Breed promotion pattern is continuously developed to property and diversity. Relative on non-popularized varieties, derived varieties promote more contribution. Third, limits of derived varieties in our country will weaken the breeding innovation actively, especially the commercial breeding, and larger constraint the technology innovation spillover within public research institutions and that of public research institutes into enterprises, but to improve the enterprise innovation is debatable.Part3:the influence of the derived variety on rice productionBased on macro rice production data, this part aims to evaluate the effects of the derived variety on rice production. Firstly, apply genetic unicity index method to estimate the contribution of initial parents to the heredity of rice.The result show that:the mean of initial parents’genetic contribution to rice production in1999-2009was only0.25,and the genetic unicity caused by the derived variety does not show increasing trend. For attaching great importance to hybrid rice breeding in China, hsien rice breeding techniques have developed faster. The contribution of initial parents to the heredity of hsien rice producing areas is much larger than the japonica rice producing areas.Second, Use panel data fixed effects and random effects of production function model,based on the provincial panel data of21main rice production areas in China during1999-2009to analyze the effects on rice production. The results indicate that:the contribution of initial parents to the heredity of rice significantly increases growth of the rice yield. Further analysis of limits of derived varieties will increase the overall cost and uncertainty of innovation the uncertainty of costs and innovation, and may slow down the process of agricultural production.Part4:the influence of the derived variety on farmers’production incomeBased on micro farmers’rice production survey data in Jiangsu province, this section uses One-Way ANOVA and paired-samples T Test analysis of seed prices, sale prices, productivity and production income differences with the derived variety and initial variety, and analyzes the influence of the derived variety technology uses on farmers production income through farmers’ production income function model analysis. The findings are that: the seed prices of derived variety are significantly higher than the initial variety; in addition, relative on initial variety, the derived variety technology has a positive impact on farmers’ income production, thus derived breeding of agricultural production characteristics improvement is conducive to improve farmers’ welfare. The improved use of the initial parents should not be subject to the restrictions of intellectual property rights, and limits derived varieties will make the variety rights transaction costs and maintenance costs are greatly improved if the government fails to take the subsidies and other policy measures. This part of the cost will be passed on to farmers, and increase farmers use costs. On the contrary, if taken by the Government to increase subsidies or compulsory licensing measures to protect farmers’interests, no matter what the situation is will increase system cost.