On The Economic Effect And Reform Path Of China’s Social Insurance System

The establishment and development of modern social insurance system in the industrial society, for all workers, have a critical influence and significance. In planned economy period, China established a series of social insurance system face all workers of the organs and institutions; at the same time, in rural areas, the cooperative medical care system also solved the problem of rural medical treatment served as an excellent "model ". However, the traditional social insurance system that the government governed all had a "deadly" defect--unsustainability of financial aspects. Since the reform in1978, in order to meet the needs of the market orientation economic reform, the traditional social insurance system also embarked on the path of reform. Today, our country has been established perfect social insurance system including pension, medical, unemployment, work injury and maternity projects. The "social insurance law" promulgating in2010makes a more clear direction for the reform of social insurance system in shortly after future.At the same time, it also means that the construction and development of China’s social security system has already entered a brand-new historical period. In this stage the reform will continue to be advance and more thorough, the social insurance system will play a more important role and produces a more significant impact to the macro level of the national economy, as well as micro-level employment decision and consumption patterns. Under this kind of background and environmental conditions, it is a common important task for the current theory and practice department to study the economic implications of the social insurance system through in-depth thought, and provide strong theoretical support and decision-making basis for the next phase of social insurance system reform and perfect. At present the present situation of China’s social insurance system reform and construction, as well as the whole social economic development environment, decided our studies has two respects of meanings in theory and practice. For example, in the practice of reform exploration on social security, economic impact analysis is important reference to explore and establish reform path for China’s social insurance system. Based on China’s current social insurance system establishment and development process, we studied the economic impact of social insurance system and reform path problem, the structure of the paper is arranged as follows:The first part is an introduction, mainly introduces the research background and research significance, main research contents and research methods, and major innovation and defects of this paper;The second part is the theory basis and research review, mainly reviewed and summarized the basic concepts and theoretical framework; then, we reviewed and commented domestic and international relevant papers about the economic influence on social insurance system in different period. This part formed the theoretical basis and the logical beginning for the whole paper;The third part is the foreign experience of construction of the social insurance system, including the country that established modern social insurance system earliest-Germany, the most developed countries in now world-the United States, as well as the typical representative of welfare state on the global-Sweden; in addition also on some Asian countries and regions concerned;The fourth part analyzed the establishment and running status of China’s social insurance system, such as pension, medical, unemployment, work injury and maternity insurance, and undertook a brief summary for project establishment and reform progress. Based on these, we initially summarized current problems of the whole social insurance system;The fifth part is the economic impact analysis of social insurance system; this part is the main part of the full text, including economic impact on employment, income distribution and financial market. In addition to standard analysis method, we also separately using relevant statistical data to construct the model and do empirical analysis;The sixth part is specific paths of the reform of social insurance system; on the basis of previous analysis and research, we introduced some feasible reform path separately from the social insurance legal system, financing mode, two urban and rural economic structure, universal coverage, fund supervision, as well as the reform of the household registration system and other aspects;The seventh part is the conclusion of the article. In this paper, the innovation lies in the following two aspects:the First is the attempt to realize the innovation in the research train of thought, namely change in most previous research by taking the question as the core research ideas, turned to take the social insurance economic impact analysis as the core, thereby touching many of the nature of the problem. Most previous studies are usually from social insurance system development problems, and around specific issues in-depth study. This paper is based on social insurance labor employment and income distribution and so on as the core, the social insurance system construction and fund raising pattern reform the necessity was derived, and the further reform and thus to be clear. This can make us no longer confined alone is a fact not isolated problem, the so-called special research.The Second is the innovation of the study content, the paper focus on those problems which the previous studies did not perform or not comprehensive consideration. As more research attention has been paid to the social insurance on savings, as well as labor supply and so on, but in order to enrich social insurance economic impact studies and we think it is very necessary to consider, will focus on the social insurance for unemployment level and income gap between urban and rural areas and other effects. In addition, in summary and draw lessons from foreign experience, our conscious selection of modern social insurance system of Germany, the world’s leading economic power the United States; as well as the typical welfare countries of Sweden as the research object, and some Asian countries and regions of the relevant experience is summarized.The deficiencies of this paper mainly lies in two aspects:one is that the economic effects of the social insurance system lies in a wide range, due to space limitations and the author’s ability, so that this article can only select some representative "points" to research, which makes the system still is not perfectly completed; the other some research was also not thorough enough due to the limitation of statistical data about the social insurance, such as the impact analysis on income distribution. All of above are also the direction of further study to the author in future.