| Forests are important resource for the survival and development of human society and have important ecological value, economic value and social value. The forests not only provide us with wood products, forestry by-products and a variety of other products, reflecting the huge economic benefits, but also play an important role in maintaining ecological functions in global ecological balancing, climate regulating, soil and water conservation, and flood risk reducing, et al.In "The decision to accelerate the development of the forestry industry", we clearly state:"Forestry is a major public utilities and basic industries, which undertakes the important task of the ecological construction and forest products supply... Forestry in China is in an important transitional period, and forestry is undergoing a historic shift from timber production to ecological construction." in2012’s government work report, Premier Wen Jiabao states.In the period of "12th Five-Year", forestry in the China’s forest stock volume increased to600million cubic meters, the forest coverage rate reached21.66percent. In "National forest land area protection and utilization (2010-2020)", it is clearly proposed that:The area of forest land ownership in2020in our country is312million hectares (46.8million acres), accounting for32.5%of the total land area, forest area population reached223million hectares, the forest coverage rate reached23percent and forest stock volume increased to more than15billion cubic meters.Since2008, China began the implementation of the reform of collective forest rights, signed a70-year contract with farmers of the management, use and ownership of27.37million mu collective forest land trees, this "reform" is also known as the third of rural land reform after China’s land reform and the following of family-generation operating contract. However, in the view of forest stock volume and forest land area, state-owned forest resources play an dominant in forest resources. State-owned forest land area accounted for42.6%of the forest area and the national forest takes about70.6percent of the accumulation of state-owned forest resources. Realizing Ecological, economic and social value of state-owned forest resources, and maintaining the sustainable development of state-owned forest has great practical significance and strategic significance to land for the country’s economic development and social progressing. Since beginning of the1990s, the state forestry investment is increasing year by year, only returning farmland to forests in1999-2008, central government invested198.1billion yuan totally."12th Five-Year" period, the central total investment will reach430billion yuan,4.03million mu of returning farmland to forests task, will be completed cumulatively.recycling quite a Northeast state-owned forest in Inner Mongolia, will be in China to increase the forest coverage rate by3percentage points above.On June16,2006, approved by the State Council, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province, became the first pilot city of the property right system reform of China’s state-owned Forest Region. The Yichun80,000ha state-owned commercial forests by forestry workers family contracting business, a woodland management rights, forest ownership and the right to dispose of the circulation of the contract period of50years. Six years after the forest change, afforestation and forest cultivation and management of results, did not happen with woodland reversal phenomenon, and the afforestation area continues to expand.Through the summary, evaluation of historical evolution of state-owned forest land transfer system, and economic analysis, from the level of the basic principles of state-owned forest land transfer system, demonstrated that the problem-solving orientation is property rights reform and speeding up the transfer of state-owned forest land. Established state-owned Forest Land effectiveness evaluation index system, evaluate from the economic, ecological and social benefits levels and select our first pilot city-Yichun proven as an indicator system and further confirmed by the state-owned Forest Land is the right direction to solve the problem. After expliciting the effectiveness of transferring of state-owned forest land, we established the index system on the factors impede the flow of state-owned woodland, through determining the weight of the influencing factors, and analyzing the top factors in of the system, we design the Forest Land The model system. Through learning from Yichun mode, we worked out the next step of state-owned Forest Land institutional models, that is, in basis of neither changing the forest land use, nor weakening the existing woodland ecological functions, maintain a state-owned dominant position of state-owned Forest Land and enhancing ecological benefits, appropriately introduce private mechanisms and private capital to circulate legitimately, orderly, scientifically, and healthy. In prerequisite of this system,we presents the value classification management of state-owned forest land,by the transformation of government functions improving supporting measures,, to establish mode of government core state-owned forest tenure circulation reform, promote the construction investment to be diversity and socialization, promote forest resources. The state-owned Forest Land business has been changed into an achievable cost-effective way to invest and the carrier, break the mechanism of state-owned and state-run single, establish a multi-input mechanism, and the majority of forestry workers "Every family has its own mountain, every household has their forest, make the ecological value of state-owned forest land better and better; Third, in order to expand employment channels to ease the pressure on employment and laid-off workers re-employed, while significantly increase in the income of forestry workers, and promote the harmonious and stable development of the forest areas of society, reflects the social value of state-owned forest resources. In this paper, we have used the economic theory, the modern property rights theory, ecological economics, econometrics and other theories, combined with economic and social development status of the current state-owned forest, focusing on market regulation-based, pluralistic co-existence of state-owned forest land property right subject circulation mode. Practice analysis based on the transfer of state-owned forest in Yichun forest land through the establishment of a level indicator system model, obtained before and after the Forest Land obvious benefits, the state-owned forest land transfer patterns, the design of the system, the establishment of a new state-owned woodland circulation system, the economic value of forestry, ecological and social values as a business object to determine the value of the business entities to grasp the value of business law, to the value of value-added business objectives. Put forward during the transfer process of state-owned forest land value subject to the split, and ecological value to the Government, the economic value to the individuals return to society, the social value.View of China’s state-owned Forest reform pilot has been carried out for nearly six years and the reform of state-owned forest land in this process has also made some valuable experience, so I hope that the conclusions and perspectives of this study to summarize the existing circulation effect, provide theoretical support for the further circulation of state-owned forest land. |
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