Demands Of Freedom And Personal Liberation

Human is the starting point of education. Pedagogy is basically humanology, in that case, which is the study of cultivating people, the comprehension and reflection of human nature should be the foundation of all the education research. Literary classics and education classics are actually the masterpieces of the reflection of human nature, human liberation and human beings’ free all-round development. The research of literary history and educational history also should reflect and embody the point, in a sense, how the research results reflect and embody decides the level. The paper tries to walk away from the castle in the college of the pure theory and historical outline, shake the historical dust coverred on the literary works and lift the education veil of the masterpiece of A Dream of Red Mansions.Human nature and youth is a common thread throughout this paper. As an immortal literary work, A dream of Red Mansions is an elegy of the young for the pursuit of freedom and liberation of personality. From the perspective of human nature and education, it is found that it actually records the study, life and process of character formation, moreover, which reflects the strong appeal of freedom and personality liberation. Thereinto, the projection of the Ming and Qing Dynasties and educational environment, the strong confrontation on family education regulation, the stress and enlightenment of reading in the private school for examination, and the study and self-growth in social contacts are included. The education in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the educational experience of the author and the education in the grand view garden component together the educational world of A Dream of Red Mansions. On this basis, the paper explores the process of repression, rebellion and return of human nature so as to achieve the aspiration of human’s freedom and liberation of personality. In addition, it emphasizes on the relationship between literary works and historical materials. By contrasting A Dream of Red Mansions with the history of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it is found that it can be regarded as another example of the novel of historical record.The student life in Ming and Qing Dynasties is both far and near to us, as it has already stepped into history, which belongs to the past and irrecoverable traditional era. Nevertheless, the lingering history memory is frequently awakened, additionally, a lot of historical sites and trace can be pursued. The study of history is not intended to find the answers needed today in the past events but to make us learn the method of finding answers today from the research in the past. Education needs to meet the needs of individuals, especially the human nature needs of freedom and individual liberation. The appeal of nature is constrained in the traditional society, which also may produce dissimilation in the modern society. Therefore, looking for the way of completing the ultimate purpose of education is the driving force for the educational progress and development.In introduction part, the author mainly presents the origin of the selected topic and foothold in the paper and explores the research value in order to make theoretical preparations for the further research by the relevant concept definition, literature review and classification research method. With respect to theoretical foundation, the author consults Marx’s philosophy interpretation of human nature and three levels of cultural research and centrally expounds the opinion of the literature materials being the historical data.Chapter One A Dream of Red Mansions and the social education form of Ming and Qing dynasties The educational world reflected in A Dream of Red Mansions is the education status under the influence of the mainstream ideology in Ming and Qing Dynasties, of which, family education, private school education, social education and orthodox educational ideas, educational goals, contents, means and so on reflected are all affected by the official education and the imperial civil service examination system, being the refraction and extension of the mainstream ideology education. This chapter is divided into three parts. Through mastering the mainstream ideology education, it will discuss the private colleges under its influence and regulation, finally it will focus on the specific education problems in Jia family.Chapter Two Education in Jia family On the background of family education throughout Ming and Qing Dynasties, this chapter will make an analysis of the conflict between the two generations of the old and the young in Jia family. As for the goal and content, studying aims to secure an official position by examination or cultivate temperament. In regard to the mode of education, a variety of means such as fits and starts, excoriation and lash, arrogance and fondness, taking a drastic measure to deal with a situation are mutual discord, which makes education joint effort generate internal friction. The orthodox education thoughts clash with the knowledge demands of free personality.Chapter Three Education in Private Schools under the Imperial Examinations Under the stimulation and influence of choosing officials by imperial examinations and establishing schools in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jia family set up a private school of a nonprofit nature. This chapter mainly explores the nature, school system, curriculum, arrangement of teaching contents and the life of the teachers and students in the private school with the overall perspective, including the demonstration of the author and the characters in the imperial examination of A Dream of Red Mansions under the guidance of the imperial examination target and the historical evolution of Confucianism and stereotyped writing, and then it analyses the heterogeneity of quality-oriented education and exam-oriented education.Chapter Four Social route and interactions of noble men Based on the analysis of two social routes of Jia Baoyu who is the key person to be trained in Jia family, the paper reveals the opposition of the objective tendency of state orientation in Jia family and individual-based tendency of the free choice and indiscrimination of ranks that the children aspire to in terms of developing the children’s ability of social communication.Chapter Five Women’s education of Jia family In regard to women’s education, Jia family is the epitome and representative of contradictional controversy between women’s culture education and moral education in Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, by means of a variety of the literary games that are organized spontaneously by women and the learning effect of self-taught and communicational edification,such as Xiangling learning poetry and Daiyu teaching poetry, the author forcefully disproves and eulogizes women’s superior artistic talent under the condition of free growth.Chapter Six View Ming and Qing Dynasties and the education of Jia family from the implement level This chapter mainly falls into two parts. One is the revelation of teaching content and educational environment of the old-style private schools in Ming and Qing Dynasties through teaching facilities and learning implements, the other one is the centralized reflection of management system and the nonprofit features of the private schools in Ming and Qing Dynasties by virtue of the implements in teaching management and logistical support.In conclusion part, based on the Marx’s theory of "return of human nature", it will focus on the individuals’demands for freedom and individual liberation in the age of A Dream of Red Mansions or corresponding with the stage of attachment of people, mainly from the conflictual independence of several aspects, such as the education background, education objective, education contents,educational mode, and so on. On this basis, it will further provoke some thoughts of education meeting the needs of human nature.