The Research On Economic-social Situation And Population Flow In The Northeast Border Region

Since reform and opening up, the market economy has been prosperous and theHukou system has become flexible. As a result, there is a rapid growth of the scale ofthe floating population in our country, which has increased from6.57million to221million from1982to2010. Now it is not just a social phenomenon, but has graduallyinternalized as a way of modern people’s life.Different circumstances occurred in different places due to the vast territory ofour country. For the developed areas where the economic and social development isfast, the population flow pours in and provides labor resources. For the undevelopedareas, the pour-out population flow does help to improve their families’ livingconditions, however, negative effects also appears for the migrant labors flow away.The border is the area between the two countries, which has the specialgeographical position and political significance. Promoting the economic developmentand maintaining the social stability of border areas, to some extent, relate to thestability of the country as a whole. China reaches more than4700km northeast frontierborder length, which accounts for more than1/5of the land border. She charges33counties of border areas and borders with North Korea and Russia, with a populationof7.2million people, which includes31%of the population of the country’s borderareas. In recent years, due to the migrant and low birth rate, some areas even havenegative growth. Moreover, migrants cause the changes in age and gender structuresthat will affect the sustainability of the economic and social development on thenortheast border, which cause the attention of the society from all walks of life.Based on the original survey data of Three Kinds of Regional Population Flowand Their Causing Factors, which was made by National Health and Family PlanningCommission in2011, using SPSS data processing software, cluster analysis methodand binary logistic regression analysis method, I will try to analyze the affectingfactors of population movement in the northeast border region and explore the effectsof migration to the regional social and economic development. The thesis consists of seven chapters as follow:The first chapter is the introduction part. The research background and value willbe introduced. A literature review of social and economic development of border areasand issues about population flow both in China and abroad will be present. Thedefinition of the research topic "border area" and migration will be introduced andexplained. The logical framework of this paper and research methods will all beexplained in this part.The second chapter is the overview of the theoretical basis. All the theoreticalbasis and comments, such as push and pull theory of population flow theory, thetheory of dual economy model, new economic migration theory, classical economictheory in the theory of social and economic development, national regionaldevelopment theory and sustainable development theory, will be described.The third chapter is about the present social and economic development situationand the population situation on the northeast border of China. To use yearbook data,including economic status, education status, the industrial structure, populationsituation, like quantity, structure, and population flow factors, to analyze the presentsituation of social and economic development on the northeast border areas. Accordingto the results, some conclusions are as follow: the population growth of northeastborder area is slow, population distribution is uneven, and gender structure is inbalance, the area has entered a stage of aging population, ethnic groups form adistribution of a number of large, a small of settlement, the urbanization levels aredifferent, family size becomes small, population culture quality is higher, butemployment structure needs to adjust and optimize.The fourth chapter is present situation of rural development on the northeastborder areas. By analyzing the data carried out by the community of the ruraleconomic conditions, natural environment, population flow, and by clusteringanalyzing several representative index, the results shows that the uneven developmentbetween regions promotes population flow, especially under such circumstances,people go out is more common, like the cultivated land area becomes smaller, theoverall economic development level is low, community close to convenienttransportation.The fifth chapter will analyze the influence factors of rural population flow of thenortheast border areas, by using household survey data, first descriptive analyze the demographic, family and social characteristics of respondents, then make binarylogistic regression analysis of the selected respondent’s age, gender, cultural degree,marital status on the basis of the first step. The discovery is that age, marital status,household register, go-out-for-more-than-six-month experience, family size andeducational level have significant effects on migrant population. The effects of genderand ethnicity on migration are not that obvious.The sixth chapter is the impact of migration of the northeast border areas.Selecting the questionnaire of the floating population information and left-behindpopulation information statistics and combining with field survey findings, the studywill show the influence of population flow to the social and economic impacts of thenortheast border areas. From an aging population, marriage squeeze to the loss ofhuman resources, from the floating population to left-behind population, multi angleswill show the problem existed in that the border area development.The seventh chapter is countermeasures to promote the social and economicdevelopment of northeast border area. On the basis of research achievements in thefirst six chapters, the author proposes that by using the geographical advantages of theborder region, export-oriented economy should be developed. Combining the reality ofthe northeast border areas, reasonable planning population should be layout; householdregistration system reform should be accelerated; population management mode shouldbe changed; the professional training of the floating population should be strengthened.At the same time, convenience should be provided for home business. The last iscalling for the attention to the survival state of the remaining population and insistingthat development achievements should be shared by all people.