The Research On Problems And Countermeasures In Community Education Management In China

It has been nearly thirty years since the community education developed in themodern sense in our country. As an important part of lifelong education system, itplays a decisive role in improving the national comprehensive quality, building alearning society, constructing a socialist harmonious society and so on. In recent years,the communist party and the government put more attention on the communityeducation. In Outline for Medium-term and Long-term National Education Reformand Development (2010-2020year), it states clearly that “rural community educationshould be carried out widely; various types of learning organization should beconstructed rapidly; thus a universal learning and life-long learning society will takeshape.” The strategic position of community education development has beenelevated to an unprecedented height. However, from an objective point of view, itwould be a long time for us to realize the target that carries out the communityeducation widely.At this moment, the community education in our country is still at theexperimental stage of exploration. Though under the guidance of the governmentpolicy most of the provinces have built national experimental communities andaccumulated some experience, in terms of the development results, communityeducation only shows a universal trend in eastern coastal areas and develops veryslowly in other areas, especially in the Midwest and the vast rural areas. On the whole,the service ability of the community education to the community development andhuman development is obviously insufficient. Besides, it is far from the demands ofthe times, the need for the changes of the social structures and the desire of themasses.Therefore, we would ask: Why community education cannot be carried out rapidlyand extensively? What hinders the development of the community education? How tobreak the bottleneck of the development of community education? How to improvethe public service capacity of community education? Based on the reflection of theseissues, this study plans to solve the problem from community education managementand carries out an empirical investigation mainly on the problems existing in policiesand regulations, management system and resource development. On the basis of theseand utilizing the relevant theories comprehensively, this study analyzes the cause ofthe problems deeply, so polycentric governance mode is proposed as an effective wayto solve the problems in the development of the community education and the “butterfly pattern” governance structure is constructed. Furthermore, this study alsosuggests the interlocking chain of “Ideological emphasis, sound policies andregulations, well-established management system and reinforced resourcedevelopment and utilization” to promote the development of community educationand puts forward specific strategies according to the source of the communityeducation management.The paper is composed of four parts which are listed as follows:The first part is composed of two parts: the introduction and the first chapter.The first part is the introduction, including the identification of the research topic,explanation of the research significance, research methods and framework andliterature review; the other one is the first chapter. In this part, it mainly defines therelevant concepts about community education, discusses the significance of thecommunity education and introduces the development of the community educationand its management system. This part is the basic understanding about the researchobject and the premise to solve the problems.The second part is the second chapter. Problems existing in the process of thecommunity education management have been confirmed in this part. Through thecomprehensive investigation, it points out that there are mainly three key problems inthe community education management, which are unsound policy laws and regulation,the imperfect of the management system and mechanism and inadequacy of theresource development.The third part is the third chapter, which is the cause analysis of the problems. Onthe basis of “the thought is the motion forerunner”, it points out that the insufficientunderstanding about the community education by the government, the general publicand local units is the fundamental reason for the problems. In addition, according tothe nature of community education, analysis of the influence of community educationcommittees’nature on the government’s role, it raises that the unclear positioning ofthe government’s role is the main reason for the problems; In the end, through theanalysis and search of proximate causes from the internal conditions and externalenvironment of the problems, it points out economic, cultural, educational and otherexternal conditions and their own condition limitations among their own human,financial, material, institutional mechanisms are the direct reasons for the problems.The fourth part is the fourth chapter. Strategies are put forward according to thecauses. At first, the reform mode of polycentric governance of community educationhas been formed, which attempts constructing polycentric governance through comprehensive application of relevant theories and creatively points out “one of thefour wings” butterfly management mode guided by the people’s demands and needsof the society, organized by legal policy, management system and mechanism andresource conditions, promoted by governments, civil society organization, communitycolleges and local units. In addition, combined with experience at home and abroad,specific practice strategies have been given, such as enhancement of publicity,perfection of legal systems, improvement the systems and mechanisms, strengtheningthe teacher training and broadening the funding channel.