| The paper is based on four main methods which are historical textual researching method, historical comparative method, text analysis, and logical analysis. In addition, the paper also investigates from the perspective of culture relativity theory and the study of the Chinese ancient comprehensive tournaments. Meantime, it demonstrates there have been comprehensive tournaments in ancient China from the two aspects of the theory and practice. At the same time, the study focused on the types and historical trends of the developing process of Chinese ancient sports tournaments. Moreover, it tried to find the correlative factors to affect the trends of the Chinese ancient sports tournaments.The conclusions of the paper are listed as follows.Firstly, there have been comprehensive sports tournaments in ancient China. In early human society, the motivations and ways of the Chinese and western tournaments indicated that the sports competitions has the important functions with inheriting ethnic culture, forming ethnic identity, establishing social order. Theoretically, the common characters of the ancient human society have demonstrated it have been existed in ancient China. And by the means of the analysis to the Jiang Wu Zhi Li shows it has the basic forms and characters of the integrated sports tournaments in the objective and task, the organization and management system, the competitive program, the competitive content. Moreover, Jiang Wu Zhi Li is not the single form in the ancient sports tournaments. Under the governable and fork organizations, the Chinese ancient sports tournaments expressed diverse tournaments. Thus, the Chinese ancient tournaments had been existed in the ancient China in practice.Secondly, the evolution of the tournament follows two ways: jiangwuzhili and jiaodibaixi. The special types and contents are totally different from today’s sports game, which produces an illusion that there are no tournaments or sports games in ancient China. The set thinking of modern sport and sports games interrupted people understands to the essence and culture of ancient sport. All of these are the reasons for the misunderstanding.Thirdly, raising agriculture restraining commerce, which is the main factor impeded modern sports factors becoming modern sports tournament. In leading the ancient social production and life style, social stratum, social change and culture mode, the development of sports competition culture lack of generation of democratic political system, form of the market economy, modern leisure lifestyle and general entertainment and cultural pattern of modern comprehensive sports games, restrict the transformation of ancient China sports game modernization.Fourthly, mode of production and traditional culture background determined the history trend of China ancient sport and tournament. In ancient China, the mode of production was based on agriculture, which molded the unique national character, the character of harmony and less competitive, which also determined the manifestation of ancient tournaments. The background of traditional culture also affected and determined sports culture, which is the representative China traditional culture. Under the rule of "mode of production determines culture pattern and culture background determined culture content", Chinese ancient sport and tournament are on the developing way to accord culture character. |
PDF Full Text Request