A Research On The Reform Of European Higher Education Integration Under The Perspective Of Structuralism

Bologna Process is a complex reform process of high education, aiming at an public area for higher education in Europe, thus strengthening the attraction and competence of higher education in Europe, enhancing the mutual academic exchange among students and teaching staff in the area and promoting the mutual understanding and inheritance of the diverse culture within the area. The higher education promoted by Bologna Process included many policies, system, methods and concept such as qualification frame, credit transfer, accumulating system, qualification recognizing system, learning outcomes and learner center-ed. If it is placed in the whole reform structure and process, we will have a better understanding and a deep knowledge of the policies, system, methods and concept. It will give some guides to our systematic reform of higher education.This paper focuses on why the bologna process promotes the reform of European higher education integration and how it will do this. In the following, I use the multi-origins theory model to analyze the problem about why we promote the reform while using the structuralism to analyze the problem about how to promote.When analyzing why we promote the reform, the paper points out:the800th anniversary of the University of Paris is the node of the three streams, namely "the window of the policy". In the analyzing of the problem stream of starting bologna process, we verify the assumption that the bologna process is started by France with the help of European frame to solve the hardship and problems the higher education is facing. The main evidence is that the after war higher education in France is related to the bologna process’action line and policies. In the analysis of the political stream of the start of the bologna process, this paper mainly considers the European people’s awareness of "integration of higher education" and the basis of realizing "integration of higher education". I think Europe’s idea is the root of "integration of European higher education". The "integration of European higher education" is a continuation of integration development of the European economy and politics. In the analysis of policy stream of the start of Bologna Process, I think:the university charter,"Erasmus program","credit transfer system", the Lisbon recognition agreement laid the foundation system for the coming of Bologna Process.As to how to promote the reform, this paper verifies that the reform integration of European higher education is an entire reform and systematic promotion. Based on the analysis framework of structuralism, the "reform integration of European higher education" is constructed as the combination of the policy goal, policy, policy instruments, policy making, practitioner and the structure of the elements. Through the analyzing how the bologna process routes and the policy interrelate and interact to reach the goal, what can policy instruments help realize the policy goals, and how the practitioner will make and carry out the policies, I study the overall structure and characteristics of the integral reform of European higher education. By analyzing how the three action lines including "degree system and qualification framework","quality assurance" and "recognition", we can further explore the deep structure of reform of integration of European higher education. The study shows that Bologna process action line and the policy interact to form the goal system, and it shows the reform of European higher education integration through the top-down and bottom-up interaction. The key to its success is the policy instruments. National voluntary alliance between government behavior and the international strength add to its international educational policy execution. The wide application of "learning outcomes"Innovation of this article lies in:First, I explain the reasons for the start of the Bologna Process from the angle of history, and find that the Bologna Process is advocated by France to solve the problems with regard to the difficulties in higher education reform and development via European integration reform. Second, I put forward the idea that Bologna Process is an overall design, and the structure of the Bologna Process execution is beneficial to the promotion of the reform of European higher education integration. Third, I sum up some features of the Bologna Process policy implementation:overall change, systematic promotion, preliminary study, gradual reform, stakeholders participation, enhancing reform via evaluation.