Nature Lead To Education

Human nature is the innate tendency of human species that is formed through long natural history. Human nature is some kind of prior existence comparatively with educational activity of human. The "prior" here means not only time-first, but logical-first. As a kind of logical-first existence, human nature is "Natural law" of education in fact. Education activity of human should not violate and surpass its "Natural law" at any time, education should be ready to abide the rules of its "Natural law".In its broad sense, human nature has two basic forms. In the context of Western Philosophy the two forms are called "pure reason" and "will of life"; in the context of Chinese Philosophy the two forms are called "mind" and "disposition". The ability of "pure reason" make human’s knowledge about the external world possible by the aesthetic way of seeing and hearing; in its narrow sense human nature means "will of life" that only refers to "tendency" and "disposition". Correspondingly human have two different wisdom forms, here we call them "cognitive intelligence" and "natural intelligence". There is intrinsic and close relationship between the two forms of human nature:the natural disposition lies as "body" and the cognition "mind" is for the use. Therefore, the two forms human wisdom also has similar relation:"natural intelligence" is the main part of human wisdom and is more important than "cognitive intelligence". Traditional education theory focus on "cognitive intelligence", this only put narrower meaning into the concept of human nature. The fundamental mission of education lies on the humanity construction,"natural intelligence" should be the focus of education.In educational theory system, the importance of human nature has undergone changes of three main stages:the complete neglect on human nature; human nature is just some kind of basis for education to work on; education gradually start to respect for human natural but often has other purpose. We believe that human nature should occupy "center" position in the educational coordinate at last, that means "education should be led by human nature", the proposition of "education led by human nature" has three meanings:the education activities of human should be led by human nature but not any other utilitarian purpose; the direction of human education should be in accordance with the direction of human nature, education should not make other direction which is different from human nature; the purpose of education is only to help people to be "themselves" and to be "real person" who has high subjectivity and creativity, rather than "tool-person" who can only adapt to out environment passively.Education reform must be carried out according to human nature especially for early childhood education. Early childhood educational reform must adhere to the fundamental direction led by human nature:Early childhood education should provide protection for the growth of children’s nature; kindergarten should become garden for nature, garden for game, garden for happiness so that it can protect the healthy growth of children’s nature; early childhood education should focus on ways of educating "nature of children" cognitive education of children should adhere to the fundamental principles of "embodied cognition", not "learn" without "doing", not "accept" without "feeling", learning from experience, knowing from experience, accepting from experience should become the basic path of children’s cognition. Only through education led by human nature, it is possible for the children that they can not lose at the starting line of life.