A Comparative Research Into The Road & Direction Of Philosophical Revolutions Between Marx’s And Wittgenstein’s

This dissertation, composed of seven chapters, comparatively investigates the relation of the road & direction of the philosophical revolution between Marx’s and Wittgenstein’s. The first chapter, the Introduction, briefly reviews the three philosophical revolutions before Mark, discusses the four natural characters of philosophy, and recognizes Marx’s philosophy as Philosophical Revolution and Revolutionary Philosophy while identifying Wittgenstein’s philosophy as Philosophical Revolution rather than Revolutionary Philosophy. The second chapter, dealing with the significance of the comparative research of Marx’s philosophy and Wittgenstein’s philosophy, discusses the necessities and feasibilities of this comparative research of Marx’s philosophy and Wittgenstein’s philosophy, briefly summarizes the relative researching materials, and brings forward the main issues that this dissertation attempts to solve. The third chapter, dealing with the logical road & direction of Marx’s philosophical revolution, reviews the historical background and theoretical origins of Marx’s philosophical revolution, inquires into the logical road & direction of Marx’s philosophical revolution through the logical clue of Marx’s criticism of religion, politics and economy (while taking the sequence of time into consideration), and holds that Marx firstly began to overcome Hegel’s philosophy from the Doctorial Dissertation Period, then jumped out of his study and began his critique of Hegel’s philosophy and Feuerbach’s philosophy, and finally exceeded and deserted Hegel and Feuerbach so far as to penetrate his critique into the economy capitalism, thus achieved his philosophical revolution. The fourth chapter, on the logical road & direction of Wittgenstein’s philosophical revolution, firstly presents the historical background and theoretical origins of Wittgenstein’s philosophy, discusses the morphologic idea and its implications of opposing metaphysics of earlier Wittgenstein’s philosophy,then focuses analysis on latter Wittgenstein’s idea of pragmatics and the so-called Language Games as his weapon of combating metaphysical philosophy, and finally dissertates the distinctiveness and consistency of Wittgenstein’s philosophy. The fifth chapter discusses the commonalities between Mark’s philosophy and Wittgenstein’s philosophy, holding that both were rebellions against German classical philosophy, both emphasized on practice, both spurned metaphysics, and both belonged to critical philosophy. The sixth chapter, on the distinctiveness between Mark’s philosophy and Wittgenstein’s philosophy, points out the following distinctiveness: I. The fundamental road & direction of both differed. Mark took the revolutionary practice road, while Wittgenstein chose the language road. II. The philosophy types of both differ. Mark’s is non-system philosophy, practical philosophy, political and historical philosophy, while Wittgenstein’s is system philosophy, theoretical philosophy and language philosophy. III. The methods of both philosophies differ. Wittgenstein’s method is linguistic analysis, while Mark’s method is social class analysis method and historical analysis method based on the principle of consistent logic and history. IV. The thoroughness degree exceeding over the traditional philosophy of both differed. Mark’s thoroughly transcended all of the traditional philosophy, while Wittgenstein’s not so thoroughly. V. The ultimate purposes and tasks of both differ. Wittgenstein’s belongs to the Bourgeoisie reforming philosophy, while Mark’s is complete revolutionary philosophy. VI. Consequent influences of both philosophies differed. Wittgenstein’s philosophy brought forth profound and lasting influence on modern and contemporary west philosophy, while Mark’s philosophy guided the grand and spectacular Communism Movement all over the world, and spiritually assaulted the ideologies and social systems of the bourgeoisie countries. The seventh chapter concludes the whole dissertation as the following:Wittgenstein converted the philosophy road & direction from pure speculation to language-analysis activities , and brought forth a Philosophical Revolution in the philosophical realm. Mark descent philosophy from the spiritual world to the actual world, closely combined philosophy and the actual emancipation of the proletariat and the whole mankind, successfully achieved the double variation of Philosophical Revolution and Revolutionary Philosophy, which, fundamentally distinguishing Mark from Wittgenstein and even the whole west philosophers, manifested that Mark surpassed the West modern and contemporary philosophy. Three illuminations are put forward at the end.