"Furnace": Mechanism And Performance Of Chinese Political Socialization (1949～2009)

Political socialization is a issue which almost all countries pay attention to.It is a practical process during which individual accepts political culture、forms political attitudes and molds political man in a particular historical-social-cultural interaction. It is possible not only to make legitimate authority of the country’s own widely recognized and accepted,but also to reduce the cost of social domination to realize social stability in its favor. So,any domination tries to arouse and cultivate people’s belief on its legitimacy.This dissertation regards "the shapement of a specific political man is the value orientation of political socialization" and "Shaping the political man has dual characters of constructive and deconstructive, controllable and uncontrollable, initiative and passive"as the logic starting points,takes the contemporary chinese political society as space-time field of analysis, looks on mechanism and performance as analysis framework, individes contemporary chinese political socialization into three periods:"political revolution":political socialization in the early days of foundation (1949-1956)、"cultural transformation":political socialization during cultural revolution、"economic revolution":political socialization during the period of reform and development, and tries to discuss the evolutional trajectory of the political socialization for sixty years since 1949 from historical、static and dynamic angles.The first chapter mostly introduces the research origin and research significance,hackles and evaluates the origin and development of research on western political socialization and research headway of chinese political socialization,analyses the genesis and headway of research angle in this dissertation,explains theoretical premise, the beforehand and the analytical model.The second chapter explores national integrated political socialization which existed from 1949 to 1956.At first this part analyses the operation system of traditional intergrated political socialization and the national political character,reviews maintenance and exploiture of intellectual resources, ideological resources, institutional resources and performance resources and the subject and its functioning condition of political socialization,explains the functioning condition of the mechanisms of political socialization including the control mechanism which surrounds regime construction、ransmission mechanism which bases on institution construction、participation machanism which is characteristic of political mobilization、induction mechanism which brings political events as an opportunity.Based on these,this dissertation also researches its functioning performance,and thinks it has the three characters of national conformity、group motility and psychological purification. The third chapter focuses on anomie-based political socialization which existed from 1957 to 1977.This part explores resources、framework、mechanism and crises of political socialization during twenty years,and thinks that there are much resources digestion in such areas as value, political, institutional and performance,it has structural fission in socializational content and funtion, and movement routinization、education revolutionazation and life politicalization make the machanism of political socialization rigid. So, it not only causes the alienation of political personality、the deviation of ends and means、the divergence of effects and desire、the paradox of fanaticism and indifference,but also resulted in four crises including the decline of political personality、the devoid of subjective consciousness、the crisis of political identity and the rash of political behavior.The fourth chapter debates differentiated political socialization which existed from 1978 to 2009.The resources of political socialization are in division and conflict, the diversity of political culture、the marketilization od social economy、the globalization of communication methods and high differentiation of social structure lead that positive and negative effects go hand in hand. This dissertation also analyses the changes of political socialization subjects such as family、school、media、party and government and its functional decomposition, and explores the operation and validity of political socialization mechanism including management system、correctional system and the participation mechanism.Finally this dissertation summarizes the effects and its development trends of political socialization during this period,and thinks that it will become more diversified, rational and practical.In the end the epilogue hackles and sums up this dissertation.