| It is important to research the science of state power, especially combine the historical documents with the other field of science systematically, to study about the coordination on the citizenship problems that directed to the protection of the rights and freedom of the migrants, which based on the requirement of national development. Therefore, it is meaningful to present one’s advice based on the research about the relative traditional relationship of citizenship authority from a scientific perspective. The outward migration inevitably required the authority to improve the coordination on the citizenship problem of migrants, to conform the domestic law to the relative international coordination. Thus, this research paper aims to study the historical situation of foreign population who lived and worked in Mongolia during the different periods of independent Mongolia since 1911, and research the relative regulations and citizenship issues, this would bring up the related academic research to a new standard.It has passed more than one hundred year since the national movement established the state of Mongolia while it ended two hundred years’rule of Manchu Qing in Mongolia. Consequently, Mongolia declared the independence, Jibzundamba Khutugtu became the Emperor, the Bogda Khaan, and a government which consisted of five ministries was formed. Afterwards, the government played the special role in solidifying the independence, sovereignty, and state form, resolving the social, economic problems about foreign migrants, their residence and citizenship, also making them to obey the social order, fighting with the crime, and shaping the citizen consciousness. In early twentieth century, a great number of foreign merchants lived in Mongolia, they occupied a higher position in the country. However, after the victory of Mongolian national movement, the Government of Mongolia reduced their number, and encouraged the national economy. The coordination of foreign migrants, was one of the policies of the Government of Mongolia to consolidate the national independence. The Government formed the special institution to be responsible for foreign migrants affairs, and shaped the authority to coordinate and supervise the relative affairs, it was one of the manifestation of solidifying inviolability of sacred frontier and territorial integrity of Mongolia.This paper discusses the migration of foreign population in Mongolia, and the tradition how the government implemented the policies about the statistics, supervision, and citizenship issue of foreign migrants since Bogda Khaan period, studies how Mongolian government resolved the citizenship problem of foreign migrants during 1911-1974.The chapter one,"The History of Migration in Mongolia and the Situation of Foreign Migrants,1911-1921" includes three parts.The first part talks about the comprehensive conception of the migration, its classification, the reasons, especially the process and the consequence of the migration to foreign countries, and its influence on the economy and society of Mongolia.The second part shows the historical situation about the migration of the foreigners into Mongolia during Bogda Khaan period, and the start of the government supervision on the those migrants. The third part talks about how Bogda Khaan government dealt with Mongolian citizenship of the migrants. The historical documents told that, the Mongol area was not only the stage of the migration since the ancient time, but in certain degree, it contained inward and outward migration and the authority to coordinate the relative movements. It is said that there was a "Patrol Office of Khuriye", a supervision institution, started the government supervision on the foreigners who traveled or lived in Mongolia.The second chapter,"The History of the Migration in Early Twentieth Century of Mongolia,1921-1945", consists of four parts. The first part is about the foreigner who migrated to Mongolia. The second part talks about the history and the role of governmental institutions of Mongolia, which were responsible for the migration affairs. The third part discuss the statistics and the supervision on the foreign migrants in Mongolia, and the relative improving measures. The forth part accounts the measures to reduce the foreign population in Mongolia.The third chapter,"The Authority Coordination and the Implements on the Problem of Mongolian Citizenship of Foreigners,1921-1974", includes three parts. The first part the general concept of citizenship. The second part talks about the government issued documents which related to the citizenship of the foreign migrants in the territory of the People’s Republic of Mongolia. The third part discusses that how the government rejected some foreign migrants’application for Mongolian citizenship. The forth part accounts the conflicts which originated in the citizenship and the dual nationality problems, also talks how Mongolian authorities should coordinate the social, economic and legal problems which might appear if Mongolia narrowly agrees the dual nationality of the Mongols who initially were the citizens of the other countries, and introduces the experience how the authorities of other countries resolved those problems. |
