The Study On Opera, Quyi And Drama In A Dream Of Red Mansions

The research object of this thesis is based on the works of opera, quyi(Chinese folk art form) and drama,which have been adapted from the novel A Dream of Red Mansions. It mainly probes into the relationship between the adaptation of opera, quyi and drama in A Red Dream Mansions and the changes in times, theme, characters, artistic techniques and famous actors’ performances in opera, quyi and drama under the condition of fully collecting and reading related works, and comparing the original works with adapted ones. The whole thesis consists of three parts and the focus of each part is opera, quyi and drama. The discussion of each part is in combination with characteristics of the opera, quyi and drama, exhaustively summarizing the adapted works from A Dream of Red Mansions in each artistic class. In addition, the thesis also reviews different classes of adapted works from A Red Dream Mansions based on the order of categories of drama and quyi, and it has complemented and added some works, corrected some mistakes made based on Yisu’s The Quotation of A Dream of Red Mansions and Hu Wenbin’s A Descriptive Catalog A Dream of Red Mansions.The content of the drama in A Dream of Red Mansions includes overview, the relationship between drama adaptation and times, characters changes and famous actors and HongLou Drama. In overview, it reviewed more than 20 categories of dramas in A Dream of Red Mansions and its performances such as the legend, Miscellaneous Drama, Kun opera, Beijing opera, Guangxi opera, Guangdong opera, Shaoxing opera, Shanxi opera, Ping opera, Fujian opera, Sichuan opera, min opera, Sichuan opera, Chaozhou opera, Longjiang opera, Ji opera, chao-ju, jiju, Long Jiangju, Huai opera, Shanghai opera, Quju opera, Xiju opera, Henan opera, Hunan opera, Huangmei drama and Shao opera. In the content of the relationship between the adaptation of A Dream of Red Mansions and times, it mainly described opera repertoire influenced by many factors such as traditional ethics, social improvement, ideology, opera development and folk culture, and presented different cultural characteristics. The drama in A Dream of Red Mansions shaped many characters. The drama of Honglou in Qing dynasty not only respected the original but also had deliberate modification, correction and intentional misreading in order to make people conform to the requirements of traditional ethics in the aspect of shaping Baoyu and Daiyu’s images. During the period of the Republic of China, the images of Baoyu, Daiyu and Baochai had both breakthroughs and imperfections. The breakthroughs strengthened the caring and consideration between Baoyu and Daiyu. One of the imperfection diminished Daiyu’s independent and proud personality in order to show her temperate disposition, prudent and sensible quality. Another imperfection made Baoyu’s image vulgar, integrating the behavior of dudes. During the period of seventeen years,the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions were characterized by Qinwen, who was at daggers drawn, and by Xiren, who was sinister and ruthless. All of them are rigid but not flexible. However, in the new period, characters in A Dream of Red has been characterized by predominance of small potatos. For example, characters like Liu LaoLao, Jiaoda, Jiaoxin and Miaoyu become protagonists, conveying warmth in the world, or reflecting history, or criticizing officialdom, or revealing human nature on the basis of the original and showing its complexity. What’s more, the characters have undertaken certain social education functions: tolerance for characters like Wang Xifeng, Baochai and Jia Yucun; avoidance of some character defects like Baochai, approximately approaching to perfection. Opera performers participated in novel adaptation and became actors or actresses, which not only made the story of A Dream of Red Mansions widely spread, but also made the image of the characters prominent and moving.Quyi in A Dream of Red Mansions includes the overview, the relationship between its adaptation and city media, the narrative features and the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions and the achievements of Lu Leiyuan. The overivew, in which the sort of quyi is taken as the preface, commentates on the track list adapted from more than thirty sorts of quyi, such as Pingshu, Zidishu, Tanci, Guangdong Wooden Fish book, Nanyin, the opening of tanci, Lyrics, Henan Dadiao Tune, Henan Pendant, Fuzhou Pinghua, Chaqu, Danxian, Lanzhou drum, Yangge, Guangxi Wenchang, Matou Tune, Linger Tune, Yangzhou Qingqu, Sichuan Qingyin, Xifu Quzi, Hunan silk string, Cantonese Opera, Dragon boat Song, Shandong Qinshu, Sichuan Dulcimer, Enshi Dulcimer, A Lotus Rhyme, Xiangsheng, Shandong Pingdiao, Sichuan Bamboo Drums, Mongolian Wuliger and Daur Wuchun. The quyi in A Dream of Red Mansions achieved a lot with the participation of Xiaochuang Han, Rufei Ma and other literati or artists with higher level of literary quality at the late Qing Dynasty and in the Republic of China, while the folk arts are in great prosperity. City Bookstore industry, record companies, radio stations and other old and new media and quyi performers played an important role in the spread of the quyi. The narrative features of the quyi mainly display in the two aspects-- “the combination of the poetic narration and the narration of books” and “the enrichment and concentration of plots”. Focusing on tracing Daiyu, Baoyu, Qingwen and other major characters, while multiangle shaping other characters in A Dream of Red Mansions, the characterization of the quyi has unique characteristics: describing Daiyu’s gloomy mood, while as for Baoyu, the revolving around his infatuation, which is repeated and deepened in different episodes. The shortage lies in that these two figures can be seen many secular descriptions in quyi works. For example, in some plots like Baoyu and Daiyu studying “Classics” in the pursuit of the imperial fame. Lu Leiyuan is the best works in A Dream of Red Mansions, which was transplanted and used as a reference by many quyi works. This chapter focuses on its artistic achievements. The choreography of the plots are based on the last forty chapters of the original version, while it is able to skillfully account for the plots in the first eighty chapters, which makes the whole article a logical and reasonable one. The characterization places emphasis upon remaining the characteristics of figures as in the first eighty chapters, but with unique creation. With various artistic techniques, such as the application of allusions, the penetration of dialect proverbs and the adoption of the contrast technique, the poetic in the Dream of Red Mansions and the vulgar book integratedThe content of the drama A Dream in Red Mansions includes introduction, new change of the theme, the originality of artistic method and drama analysis on A Dream in Red Mansions by Zhao Qingge. The introduction reviews drama adaptation and performance in republican period and the period after the foundation of China. The drama theme, which is different from opera and quyi with features of the age, can be summed up five perspectives, such as family ethics, female amativeness and marriage, politics of current events and people’s sufferings, revelation of depravity in national personality in the way of Symbolism, reflection on life and the “mess” of contemporary people. The artistic method of the drama is remarkable for its originality. Both works during the republican period and “pioneer” dramas in the new century stood out as a contrast with unique or special presentation with opera and. Zhao Qinge, whose works present the following characteristics: adaptation principles of faithfulness to the original text, adaptable skill of attaching importance to stage effect, and moderate expression of the adaptor produces the most dramas(A Dream in Red Mansions) with high quality.The classic original works A Dream in Red Mansions provides the infinite possibilities for adaptation of opera, quyi and dramas. Throughout the process of adapting A Dream in Red Mansions in more than two hundred years, revelation of family ethics, the female amativeness and marriage and childlike personality and social evils are the content the adaptors concerned. The effect of social ideology penetrated the history of adapting, which is adapted into different forms of art, expands the influence of the original, and enriches and moistens themselves, such as traditional(Chinese) opera, Chinese folk art forms and modern dramas.