The Chinese Ethnic Languages Policy Research

Minority language, as the important communication tool used by the minority people in our country, is a mirror of unique thinking and psychology mode of the minority people. As the same time, minority language bears the characteristic culture and the deep feelings of the minority. As the concentrated reflection of the cultural heritage and cultural essence, minority language is an important part of the Chinese nation excellent culture, so the heritage and development of minority language is of great significance. Heritage of minority language in China, however, are both facing the rare historical opportunity for development and the unprecedented challenges. How to research the minority language inheritance problem from the perspective of national policy in our country and how to solve the dilemma of the inheritance of ethnic minority languages by the protection, support and promotion of the national policy is an urgent theoretical and practical problem.With the important issues, this paper made some efforts based on the previous research results. At first, this paper illustrated the practice-humanity-culture theory of language by the analyses of the existing language essence theory and discussed the appeal for the policy of the inheritance of minority languages based on the practice-humanity-culture theory of language and the new conceptions of culture and nationality. Then, this paper synoptically reviewed the important policies related the minority language heritage before and after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China and carried out the summary analyses on the characteristics of the above policies. Next, this paper surveyed on the present situation of the inheritance of minority languages by the method of field survey and made a comprehensive analysis on the effect of the policies of minority languages, so some factors to the disadvantage of the inheritance of minority languages are found. Finally, this paper carried out the comprehensive discussion on the principles of the policy guidance of the inheritance of ethnic minority languages based on the practice-humanity-culture theory of language combined with rational choice theory, symbolic interaction theory and the functionalism theory. At the same time, some more specific policy Suggestions are put forward.Chapter I:introduction. In this part, the background, purpose and significance of the selected topic were discussed, the research achievements related of minority language inheritance were summarized, the theoretical bases and research methods of this study were expounded, the main content and the thinking frame of this research were stated, and the main innovation points, the existing deficiency and the future research ideas were also pointed out.Chapter II:An exploration on the policy demands of minority language inheritance from the view of the essence of language. This part proposed and expounded the practice-humanity-culture theory of language by the review of existing typical language essence theory and the new conception of cultural and ethnic. Then the discussion on the policy demands of minority language inheritance was made by the practice-humanity-culture theory of language.Chapter Ⅲ:An overview on the development course of the policies related to the inheritance of the minority language in our country. In this part, a general review on the policies related to the inheritance of the minority language before and after the founding of the People’s Republic of China was made, so an outline of the development of the policies related to the inheritance of the minority language in China was given.Chapter IV:The effectiveness analyses on the policies related to the minority language inheritance. In this part, based on the understanding to the basic situation of the minority language inheritance under the conditions of the market economy in our country, the empirical analyses on the real situation of the inheritance of minority languages were carried out by the statistics analysis methods.Chapter V:The attribution analysis on the effect of the policies of minority language inheritance. In this part, the policy factors which can influence the inheritance of ethnic minority languages were discussed in the areas of Chinese teaching and bilingual teaching, teaching evaluation and the entrance examination of civil servants, the cadre selection and professional titles, the entrance examination of national postgraduate, and so on.Chapter VI:The discussion on the policy guidance’s of the inheritance of minority languages. In this part, a comprehensive discussion on the principles of policy guidances of the inheritance of ethnic minority languages was carried out based on the practice-humanity-culture theory of language combined the with rational choice theory, symbolic interaction theory and the functionalism theory. Finally, the more specific policy suggestions to the policy guidances of the inheritance of ethnic minority languages were put forward.Conclusion:In this part, a general summary is maken on which have done in this paper. Then, the innovations of this paper were pointed out and the basic views on the research topics were showed out.There at least are three points of innovations in this study. The first is the practice-humanity-culture theory of language and the rational discussions on the policy demands and policy guidance principles based on the related theories. The second is the real situations of the inheritance of minority languages are reflected based on the on-the-spot investigation and data statistical analyses and the policy factors affecting the inheritance of minority languages are discussed. The third is that the more specific policy suggestions were put forward to promote the harmonious and healthy development of our country languages.