The Study Of Childhood Diet And Nutrition Status Effects On Adulthood Health

BackgroundOverweight and obesity have becoming one of the major public health issues of China. It is known the overweight and obesity will increase the risk of metabolic diseases including hypertension. Most of current knowledge about adulthood metabolic diseases are from cross-sectional studies and focus on the relationship of risks in adulthood and their health outcomes. But many adulthood diseases maybe have been affected by childhood anomalies. It would be helpful if we study factors such as BMI from childhood and check their effects on adulthood health outcome.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to learn the BMI tracks of Chinese children to their adulthood and how the personal factors and time affect their BMI and hypertension occurrence.MethodsAnalysis was based on the data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey, an ongoing longitudinal project in1991,1993,1997,2000,2004, and2006. Study objects are those between2years old (older than24months) and18years old (younger than2.16months) when they were visited in1991survey and followed up to2006and have full survey data, which are252people, among which are185male objects and67female objects.Multilevel model and Mixed effects linear model are used respectively to study the factors of male and female objects BMI. Proportional hazards model is used to study the hazard risk of adulthood hypertension.Results1. For the studied2-18years old Chinese children and adolescents in1991, there is a male thinness rate increase of5.95%to8.11%and a female thinness rate increase of1.49%to23.88%, and a male overweight-obesity rate increase of9.73%to14.59%and a decrease of overweight-obesity rate of16.42%to8.92%from1991to2006.2. The nutrition factors have shown different effects in various times. Higher energy intake (OR=1.001), higher prior BMI Z (OR=1.701), higher protein energy ratio (OR=1.174) have shown as risks of overweight-obesity and higher prior fat energy ratio (OR=0.961), higher energy intake (OR=0.999), higher prior BMI (OR=0.056) have shown as the protective factors of thinness. Higher prior energy intake (OR=0.997) and higher prior BMI Z (OR=0.095) have shown as protective factors of thinness for male objects and recent higher protein intake (OR=0.083) for female objects. Higher prior BMI Z (OR=2.332), higher prior protein intake (OR=0.056) have shown as risks of male overweight-obesity and recent higher protein energy ratio(OR=3.23) has shown as risk of female overweight-obesity. Mother’s education level has shown as a significant effect factor to both male (p<0.05) and female(p=0.003) objects.3. The thinness or overweight-obesity status follow their trends till adulthood, which is the objects, no matter they are thinness, normal or overweight-obesity when they were first visited, still remaining their health status as thinness, normal or overweight-obesity in the follow ups.4. For male, higher protein intake in childhood will increase the risk of adulthood hypertension(Estimate=-0.0091, HR=1.009), while higher father’s education level (Estimate=0.14, HR=0.869) and higher mother’s education level (Estimate=0.663, HR=0.515) will decrease it. For female, higher energy intake in childhood will increase the risk of adulthood hypertension (HR=1.000, Estimate=-0.0003), while and higher mother’s education level (Estimate=0.387, HR=0.678) will decrease it.