| Objective:By collating the corresponding items and combined prescription in Jingui yaolue and searching literature of the traditional Chinese medicine materials, the representative prescription of suan-jiao-ku-gan method was obtained based on the theory of the properties and flavors of the medicine and the compatibility principles of Monarch, minister, assistant and guide. The meaning and implied theoretical connotation of this prescription was studied and the theory of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method was explored. And this theory was developed and extended in order to lay a foundation for suan-jian-ku-la theory and at the meantime to provide the reference for the prescription medicine choosing, hoping to combine the theory with clinical application, and thus giving full play to the advantages of the connotation of this classical theory.Methods:Based on literature of the traditional Chinese medicine materials and the methodology of literature information, the theory of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method was studied and explored under the condition of four properties and five flavors. The proportion principle of properties and flavors proportion relating prescriptions of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method were summarized.1. Through analyzing the items of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method, the conditions that traditional Chinese medicines must satisfy were obtained.2. To analyze critically the suan-jiao-ku-gan method through the medicine flavor "acid", "bitter" and "sweet", the representative prescription "suanzaoren decoction" was chosen and thus establish related medical prescription system as well as related symptoms, treatment and disease types. Combined with property and flavor theory, the extended "suan-jiao-ku-la" method was obtained.3. The analysis of the derivative prescription, the prescription of food therapy and the representative prescriptions of insomnia therapy were completed. Through the modern physicians’case analysis of the suanzaoren decoction, principles of the modified prescriptions were summarized and the dose proportion of diseases treatment was summarized.4. The analysis of the representative prescriptions of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method proposed by the modern physicians was completed and the experience of the modern physicians using this principle was obtained. These representative prescriptions were Xiaoyao San, Huashi Bugan San, Bugan Decoction, Yiguan Decoction, Lycium-rehmannia Pill, Zhenzhumu Pill and Zishui Qinggan Decoction.Results:Firstly, this paper reviewed the history of the property and flavor theory of the traditional Chinese medicine and the origin and development of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method. To explore and analyze the corresponding items and prescriptions, suanzaoren decoction had been refined, which was related with the suan-jiao-ku-gan method prescription. Secondly, this paper summarized the medical case records of the usage of the suanzaoren decoction by modern physicians. The principle of dose proportion and the treatment scope of related diseases were obtained, which extended the direction of the suanzaoren decoction in clinical applications. Finally, the function of sour, bitter and sweet flavors and the application of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method were summarized and discussed. Combining with the modern studies, other prescriptions satisfied by this method were summarized, which would extend the range of the clinical applications of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method.Conclusions:1. The sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine nourished the liver; the coke-bitter flavored Chinese herbal medicine can clear away the heart-fire and relieving restlessness. Jiao (Coke), which is one of five kinds stink, could help bitter-flavored Chinese herbal medicine into the heart; the sweet-flavored Chinese herbal medicine restores deficiency. Shang should be interpreted as zhi in the following seventeen sentences.2. The flavors of sour, bitter and sweet in Concise Essentials of the Golden Cabinet were completed. The extension principle was obtained as suan-jiao-ku-gan-han(xin) method. Through the modern physicians’case analysis of the suanzaoren decoction, thirty-four principles of the modified prescriptions were summarized such as the prescriptions of nourishing yin and blood, the prescriptions of nourishing yin and blood, clearing heat and relieving restlessness, the prescriptions of nourishing yin and blood, clearing heat and discharging fire, strengthening exterior and reducing sweat, and etc. And the scope of the diseases treatment was extended. The suanzaoren decoction was able to cure ten categories of diseases (thirty-night kinds) including circulatory system diseases, digestive system diseases, nervous system diseases, rheumaimmune systemic diseases, sense-organs diseases, dermatological diseases, gynecological diseases, pediatric diseases, male diseases and difficult miscellaneous diseases.3. To collect and collate modern physicians’medical notes, medical theories and medical cases about the suan-jiao-ku-gan method, the theory of three methods of liver diseases was the most closely related to the proposed method.And the explanation for the effect of medicine flavor, the selection of the medicine and the representative prescription of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method proposed by Ye family were also very closely related to this method.4.The dose modified methods of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method were summarized. The methods of decreasing the medicines were suan-gan-bu-ti method, gan-zi-ku-han method and xin-san-suan-shou method. The methods of increasing the medicines were suan-gan-xian-han method, suan-ku-gan-xian method and suan-ku-gan-xin-wen method.5.The review of other prescriptions satisfying the suan-jiao-ku-gan method except the suanzaoren decoction. The range of the diseases cured by this principle was explored, which were six categories of diseases (sixteen kinds) including nervous system diseases, digestive system diseases, circulatory system diseases, gynecological diseases, pediatric diseases and difficult miscellaneous diseases. These diseases were the supplement of the diseases cured by the suanzaoren decoction.6.The standard of the medicine selection of the suan-jiao-ku-gan method was obtained. The selection of the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine was as follows:the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine, which was the sovereign drug, played a major role in the treatment and whose dosage was the maximum; the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine should have the tonic effect; the drug properties of the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine should be mild or cold and cool; some non-sour flavored Chinese herbal medicine, which had the same function of the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine, could be used in this principle.The selection of the bitter-flavored Chinese herbal medicine was as follows:the dosage should be less than the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine nourishing yin and replenishing blood; when the symptom with dysphoria or annoy appeared, most of bitter and cold laxatives could be chosen; the bitter-flavored Chinese herbal medicine, which had the nutritious function, could be chosen; avoided using the bitter, warm and dampness Chinese herbal medicine; if the symptom without dysphoria or annoy appeared, the bitter-flavored Chinese herbal medicine should be removed.The selection of the sweet-flavored Chinese herbal medicine was as follows:the dosage should be less than the sour-flavored Chinese herbal medicine nourishing yin and replenishing blood; when the syndrome of impaired transportation due to spleen deficiency appeared, both sweet-tonic and sweet-bland Chinese herbal medicines should be used together; when the syndromes of the deficiency of the yin blood of the liver and spleen unfailing in transportation, sweet-cold, sweet-warm and sweet-mild Chinese herbal medicines could be added; if the syndrome without the spleen deficiency, the sweet-flavored Chinese herbal medicines might not be used such as poria cocos, liquorice and etc.The selection of the pungent-flavored Chinese herbal medicine was as follows:when the syndromes with the deficiency of the liver blood keeping a long time or the exhaustion, and the deficiency of the liver due to the yin deficiency involving yang, the chuanxiong-flavored Chinese herbal medicine was added with nourishing the liver blood simultaneously; when these syndromes with the gastrointestinal dampness and heat, both Xinrewen San and the bitter, cold and dampness Chinese herbal medicine were used together, which had the effect of acrid opening and bitter downbearing, and warm dissipating dampness. |
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