Response Inhibition And Emotion Conflict Of Depressive Patients:ERP And FMRI Studies

Depression is a common mental disorder in humans with the coreclinical symptoms of depression, irritability, anaerobia, difficultyconcentrating. It will last at least two weeks and bring great distress towork and family. The incidence, recurrence, morbidity and suicide rates ofdepression are high, while attendance and clinical cure rates are low, and itmainly occurs in young adults. In recent years, more and more studies havefound that there was widespread executive dysfunction in depressionpatients, such as response inhibition and conflict detection disorder. Humanin the world have to deal with large amounts of information everyday, withboth emotional and non-emotional information. Therefore, the study ofhuman response inhibition and emotion conflict has become one ofimportant hot issues. There is extensive executive dysfunction, such asresponse inhibition and emotional conflict, in depression patients. Furtherresearch is Going to focus on the following three aspects:(1) Tried toexplore EEG time course characteristics and spatial brain activationpatterns of response inhibition with ERP and fMRI in1:1Go-NoGoparadigm.(2) Tried to explore EEG time course characteristics and spatialbrain activation patterns of emotion conflict with ERP and fMRI inword-face Stroop paradigm.(3) Tried to further reveal neural mechanism ofexecutive dysfunction in depression with ERP and fMRI. Study1The non-Go-NoGo task leads to ERP technical study group ofpatients with depression in the electrophysiological characteristics ofresponse inhibition mechanism. ERP data found in the healthy controlgroup, NoGo task voltage is more positive than the Go task (p <0.05),while in the group of patients with depression NoGo task voltage is morenegative than the Go task (p <0.05). Relative to the healthy control group,patients with depression NoGo task completion induced parietal P3later.This means that patients with depression flawed in terms of responseinhibition.Study2Using a non clue Go-NoGo task fMRI technology to examine patientswith depression response inhibition in brain activation patternscharacteristic. fMRI results show that, with respect to the conditions foractivating the NoGo Go comparing brain conditions, whether the controlgroup or the group of patients with depression have appeared widelyactivated brain regions, especially the emergence of high-strengthpre-SMA and dACC activation. However, the task of process-relateddACC and pre-SMA activation intensity did not change with the type beingtested. This means that the depression relative to the healthy control groupand no abnormality group dACC and activated on a pre-SMA.Study3Using three words-face Stroop task to examine depression ERPtechnology group in the process of emotional conflict electrophysiologicalcharacteristics of the mechanism. ERP results showed that patients withdepression relative to the healthy control group differences induced ERP components (N450) in the inconsistent conditions consistent with a largerwave conditions, which means that the detection of depression patients aremore sensitive to emotional conflict. Depression induced healthy controlgroup relative to the mismatch condition with the ERP componentconsistent condition (SP) to a smaller difference waves, which means thatthe reaction in patients with depression mood after conflict resolutionoption may be more sluggish.Study4Using word-face Stroop task, fMRI technology to examine patientswith depression brain activation patterns in the characteristics of theprocess of emotional conflict. fMRI results showed inconsistent conditionsin the process of emotional conflict perceive lower phase under consistentconditions for the activation of brain regions, the depression group relativeto the control group subjects activated the left cingulate gyrus, precuneus,wedge-shaped leaves, left temporal gyrus. Mood incongruent conditions inthe conflict resolution process under consistent conditions for the lowerphase activated brain regions, the depression group relative to the controlgroup subjects activated the left thalamus and right cerebellum, the leftmiddle frontal gyrus. This means that regardless of perceived or emotionalconflict resolution process, the depression group were different from thebrain activation patterns in healthy controls emotional conflict.Overall, four studies on the basis of previous studies are summarized.From the research targets, four studies only focus on the contrast in patientswith depression and healthy control group, no depression more detailedclassification. From the research perspective, only four studies werediscussed depression response inhibition and emotional characteristics of the conflict, did not fully explore the linkages between the two proceed.From the research paradigm, the four studies used only to study theGo-NoGo response inhibition, words-Faces emotiona Stroop paradigm ofconflict, there is no other possible uses better, more pure paradigmdiscussed. Future research may focus on one aspect of executive functionin patients with various subtypes of depression research, on the other handcan be subdivided research in all areas of executive function, and the thirdcan be ERP and fMRI technology combined with technology in the sameexperimental conditions under research. Of course, we also hope to findfrom the perspective of executive function in patients with the diagnosisand treatment of depression markers.