| Chemical components and pharmacological activities of Usnea longissima Ach. have been studied in this paper. U. longissima was extracted with95%ethnol,26compounds were isolated and purified by solution extraction, column chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. By UV, IR, NMR, MS assay and combining with literature,24compounds were identified, including two sterols named5a,8a-epidioxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (NMJL-1) and Ergosterol (NMJL-3), one triterpenoid named friedelin(NMJL-26), four depsides named atranorin (NMJL-5), barbatinic acid (NMJL-6), evernic acid (NMJL-7) and diffractaic acid (NMJL-18), five fatty acids named Isomuronic acid (NMJL-4), Murotic acid (NMJL-10), Lichesterinic acid (NMJL-11), Neuropogolic acid (NMJL-12) and18R-Hydroxydihydroalloprotolichensterinic acid (NMJL-13), four phenols named orcinol (NMJL-8), Rhizonic acid (NMJL-9), Ethyl everninate (NMJL-17) and4-O-methylorsellinic acid (NMJL-23), one flavonoid glycosides named Apigenin-7-O-β-D-Dglucuronide (NMJL-22), two alcohols named1-octadecanol (NMJL-16) and and arabitol (NMJL-21), many benzofuranone derivatives named (+)-usnic acid (NMJL-2),2-(3,3-bis(7-acetyl-4,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzofuran-2-yl) acryloyl) malonate (NMJL-14),1,1’-((4aR,9bS)-3,4a,7,9-tetrahydroxy-8,9b-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,4,4a,9b-tetrahydrodibenzo[b, d]furan-2,6-diyl)diethanone (NMJL-15),(Z)-2-acetyl-5,5-bis(7-acetyl-4,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimeth-ylbenzofuran-2-yl)-4-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienal (NMJL-24) and ethyl4-(7-acetyl-4,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)-4-(7-acetyl-4,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzofuran-2-yl)-3-oxobutanoate (NMJL-25). Four of them, NMJL-14, NMJL-15, NMJL-24and NMJL-25, were new compounds. The five fatty acids, special structures of lichens, were extracted from U. longissima. for the first time. NMJL-22, flavonoid glycosides, was also extracted for the first time. The white fragrant fraction with small polarity separated from petroleum ether was analysed by GC/MS. The relative contents was calculated by similarity and peak area based on database and17saturated long-chain fatty alkanes were identified.Cytotoxicity tests was determined by human hepatic cancer cells HepG2and human breast cancer cells MCF-7which keeping consistency with clinical application. MTT test were assayed by NMJL-2, NMJL-4, NMJL-5, NMJL-6, NMJL-7, NMJL-18, NMJL-14, NMJL-24and NMJL-25, the results showed that all components with certain concentration had significant tumor cells inhibition effects after48hours compared with blank control (P<0.01). the dosage-dependent effect between concentration and inhibition effects was existed. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of NMJL-25to MCF-7was49.3μ moL/L surpassed usnic acid (90.1μ moL/L). and other compounds were showed similar activities with usnic acid except atranorin.The anti-oxidant activities of11compounds named NMJL-2, NMJL-4, NMJL-5ã€NMJL-6〠NMJL-7, NMJL-8,NMJL-15,NMJL-17,NMJL-18,NMJL-22and NMJL-25were measured by DPPH and ABTS assay. The results showed that all compounds had anti-oxidant effects in different degree. The anti-oxidant effect of NMJL-25was the best, the half radicals scavenging concentration (IC50) of DPPH was0.01mmoL/L and the standard sample (BHT) was0.16mmoL/L. The total anti-oxidant activity of NMJL-25was12.39mM Trolox measured by ABTS method.As a conclusion, the chemical components and bioactivities of U. longissima were studied in this thesis. Compounds were identified by spectrum analysis, including four new compounds which were used as materials to determine anti-tumor and antioxygen activitives. The results showed that the anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities of NMJL-25were strong. The study provide scientific basis for traditional medicine U. longissima. of development and utilization in medicine, health and food field, quality assurance and new active substance discovery. |
