Engineering Evaluation And Related Technologies Of Water Supply In Rural Areas

Safety of drinking water in rural areas is directly related to the social stability and the sustainable development of our society. It is an urgent requirement for building a new socialist countryside and a harmonious society to develop rural water supply and carry out rural drinking water safety projects. With the rapid development of rural water supply projects, in order to make the project develop along the science track, ensure the sustainable operation of the project, and maximize project’s efficiency, high scientific and technological decision means and management skills are urgently needed to be introduced to establish a scientific evaluation index system which is suitable for rural water supply project, to dig into the related technical matters in the project constructing and management, to optimize decision-making scheme and to promote a standard and scientific management in the construction of rural water supply project. As the lack of the deep and thorough investigation on this related matters of rural water supply, on the key technical problems of the construction of the current rural water supply, based on summing up and filtering related research outputs both at home and aboard, this thesis aims to seek a new breakthrough by maintaining sustainable development train of thought, using evaluation as the main line, optimization as a means, price as a lever and looking improving decision and management level, comprehensively improving science and technique level of rural water supply as the aim. The paper’s main content and research results are as follows:(1) Research and structuring of evaluation index system of the rural water supply projectsThis paper carries out the research focus on both the project evaluation and the post-evaluation of rural water supply projects. It adopts the way of Delphi-AHP-FCE to optimize, which uses AHP method to structure evaluation indicator frame, combining with optimizing targets, such as, coordination inspection, uses the method of Delphi to structure a two-layer architecture project evaluation index system in terms of project preparation, overall plan, technique proposal, engineering management, investment and economic and benefit evaluation and structures a three-layer architecture project evaluation index system in terms of project preparation, project implementation, operation management and efficiency and sustainable evaluation. This research structures judgment matrix based on the result of the importance of any indicator. This research structures multilevel blurry comprehensive evaluation model based on the characteristics of evaluation system and it carries out application example analysis combining with post-evaluation of different projects. The whole evaluation index system is scientific, rigorous, and convenient to use. The evaluation result correspond with the actual situation, has great value and can provide scientific basis for the scientific and standardized management for the rural water supply projects to promote the evaluation work smoothly proceeding.(2) Research on optimized scale of the rural water supply projectsIn the perspective of scale benefit, on account of the practical data of constructed projects, the difference of population density, it established a quantitative relation model of investment, benefit, cost and the scale of construction. It established an optimal scale nonlinear programming model on the purpose of seeking the annual maximum equivalent of the net benefit of the rural water supply projects. Combining with solving of the engineering application examples, it finds that engineering optimal scale benefit is also related to reasonable water price. It’s difficult to maintain normal operation when the water price is too low and it can have the scale benefit only when the water price is in a reasonable range. The analysis of optimal scale can provide a reference for the reasonable affirmation for the building of new projects or extending the existing projects, the reasonable partition of the water supply regions, the optimizing cohesion between the old and the new water supply facilities, the project playing full role and the sustainable development of rural water supply.(3) Optimal design of rural water supply networkOptimal design for network has a great impact on the investment of the rural water supply projects. On the characteristics of the rural water supply network, this paper does the research on selecting optimal pipes, selecting optimal pumps and the optimal design of pipe diameter to build an evaluation index system of selecting optimal pipes and pumps. It uses improvement scale method to determine the index proportion to establish a dim and comprehensive evaluation model for pipes. It establishes an optimal evaluation index for pumps and a dim comprehensive evaluation model. It uses boundaries flow method and improves the integrated genetic algorithm to optimally design tree network. This optimal design model uses minimum dynamic annual cost as target function, take flow rate, pressure and the reliability of the pipe diameter as the constraint condition, uses boundaries flow method to optimize the initial population and uses the result of optimal selection of pipe diameter to optimize fitness function to reduce the iteration number, to improve computation efficiency and to ensure a global optimal solution. The research on the optimal design of rural water supply network provides a research guideline and scientific basis for the reasonable choice of pipes and pumps, and the optimal design of pipe diameter.(4) The study on the water price of the rural water supply projectsBased on comparing the water price composition, formulating methods and valuation methods both at home and abroad, composing with the key comprehensive economic bear ability and the psychology bearing capacity, the paper optimizes the numerical investigation on the peasants’endurance on the water price. Combining with the analysis about the consumption structure in different districts by using demand function model of Extended Linear Expenditure System, the paper raises the basis for partition for different bearing capacity of different districts. According to Contingent Valuation Method and the optimized combination of questionnaire on the payment card and dichotomy guidance technology, this paper establishes the logistic regression model of farmers’psychology bearing capacity. From this model, we know that psychology bearing capacity is affected by many actors, such as, payment capacity, age, health habits, and so on. Different farmers with different payment capacity have different willingness to pay, and they have stronger desire to pay if they have higher payment capacity. At the same time, endurance has the special heterogeneity with great difference in different regions. The rural water supply pricing principle based on the fairness, compensation cost, reasonable benefit and the effective use of water resource and sustainable development makes the price structure of the rural water supply more reasonable, which also proposes a3-level ladder water pricing model, based on the interests of both sides, this paper also proposes a reasonable pricing structure, which has an important reference value on scientifically and reasonably formulating the price of the rural water supply.(5) Systemic development for the related techniques of the evaluation of rural water supply projectsBased on the research achievement of the evaluation of the rural water supply projects and the related techniques, using VFP relational database management system as a development platform, combining with Visual Basic and other visual programming techniques, and the object-oriented development way, this paper develops related integrated system of the evaluation of the rural water supply projects.The system uses a modular structure, which has many functions. Main modules contain engineering information modules, evaluation modules and optimal design of pipe networks, optimal selection of pipes and pumps and water price calculation and analysis, all of them are related to the technique module of the evaluation of projects, which can realize managing engineering information, engineering evaluation, aided design, optimization study and other functions.The development of the system provides the a simple but practical tool for engineering construction, which can standardize the evaluation process, improve work efficiency, optimize design and enhance the decision-making and management level and the level of informationalization. So it has greater application value.