The Study And Practice Of Forestland Modern Management Mode And The Key Issues In China

Forestland is important natural resources and strategic resources. It is the foundation for forest survival and development. It is the material basis for biodiversity conservation and the carrier of forestry development and ecological construction. Countries in the world including China have taken sorts of policies and measures to develop forestland to more healthy, stable and sustainable. In recent years, forestland management has been greatly improved in China, but there are still some problems. According to the forestland management status for protection and utilization in China, modern forestland management mode and framework are studied, especially forestland zoning, categorizing, classifacation, grading are studied for forestland protection and utilization planning based on forestland grading and classifying evaluation. Furthermore, modern forestland management policies, technical supporting measures and achieving methods are systemically studied. It is very practically significant for forestland management improvement.The main contents of this paper are as follows:Firstly, the position and roles of forestland in forestry development and ecological construction are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, domestic and foreign forestland management researches and practices are commented, and forestland management status, problems and problem-solving approaches are studied especially. Base on the tendency of modern management theory and techniques development, the forestland modern management principles are addressed which are defferent, refinement and adaptive management. The management essences are decision making, planning, organization and controlling. The management aproaches are integrated application of administrative, economic, legal, technology and mathematics.Secondly, based on the deep analysis on the forestland status and its management in China, according to the forestland basic management rules, forest macro-management system construction and function are discussed. The modern forest management objectives, tasks, macro management system, management mode, management contents, and forest management levels and its organization, as well as forest protection and utilization planning, monitoring and control are proposed.Thirdy, the forestland quality grading and classifying evaluation are deeply studied and practised. Forestland quality grading and classifying evaluation theory is discussed emphatically, site classification correction method and the natural factors evaluation method are proposed for forestland quality evaluating, and even forestland quality evaluating indicator system, evaluating technology and grading standard are also studied. And all these are practised with actual data in different spatial scale. In the national scale, the seventh forest inventory plots data are used to evaluate the forestland quality with natural factors evaluation method, the forestland of the whole country is divided into 5 grades by using province as the basic unit. In the regional scale (province scale), site classification correction method and the natural factors evaluation method are separately used in Zhejiang and Liaoning Province. In the smaller scale(county scale), forestland quality evaluation has been carried on the forestland quality grading using Fangzheng County in Heilongjiang Province as the example.Fourthly, the forestland management mode based on forestland planning which is used for forestland protection and utilization is studied and proposed. On the country, province, county scale, forestland is zoned for different functions, categorized for management, classified for protection, quality grading for planning, in order to imply different policies for different zones, different management for different categories, different protect measure for different protection classes, different utilizing pattern for different quality grades. And these are practiced in the whole nation, in Anhui province, in Fangzheng County of Heilongjiang Province seperatly on three scale, as while as the specific policies and measures are discussed, and these are used in their forestland planning for protection and utilization.Fifthly, forestland different management proposal on law, administrative, economics and technical supporting measure are proposed. Policy proposals are including mechanism of economic adjustment, occupying or collecting forestland management measure, forestland legal concept and the technical standard as well as the reviseing suggestion about the related law. The technical support measures mainly includes three-level forestland protection and utilization planning system on national, the province, the county scale, Useing high resolution remote sensing image to find out forestland location and range in order to build the national forestland map database, carrying out forestland changement inventory annually with the combination methods of remote sensing interpretion and ground investigation, implying law enforcement inspection with remote sensing image, strengthening supervision for forestland management, and so on.Sixthly, some part result of the pater has been used in the actural forestland management, and it Played an important role in it. At present, come achievements including the three-level forestland protection and utilization planning system, the forestland quality grading and classifying evaluation with natural factors, mutil-level and four differentiated management, the forestland map database and etc. have been changed into forces. All these have been used in the whole country’s forestland planning for protection and utilization actually, and have improved the technical level of forestland management greatly.Finally, the academic and the practical significance of this study is evaluated, some aspects should be explored continuly are also be pointed out.