Signals Reading Method And Circuit Design For Multiple Detection Unit Based On The Advanced ASIC Chips

With rapid development in modern particle physics experiments in recent years, the energies of particle physics experiments become even higher, resulting in larger scale of detector and more channels of front-end electronics. And the greater demands of particle physics experiments on spatial resolution means a higher density of both detector and electrical readout systems. The brighter the accelerator, the higher the event rate and the faster the front-end electronics. Therefore, the design of the traditional electrical readout systems faces grave challenges. The electrical readout system of the detector in the future is expected to be larger, faster and of higher density.To adapt to the developments in modern particle physics experiments, this paper proposes a novel method that uses the advanced application specific integrated circuit(ASIC) for reading out signals from multiple detection units. Two electrical readout systems that follow different technical paths are designed. And their performances are evaluated in detail. The paper is organized as follows.Chapter 1 describes the background and significance of the research and related work around the world. The future of the electrical readout system is discussed. Several methods for designing the multiple detection electrical readout system are exemplified. And an outline of the paper is provided.Chapter 2 discusses the methods for charge measurement, time measurement and waveform digitization. The charge measuring approaches include charge-to-amplitude conversion(QAC), charge-to-time conversion(QTC), and waveform sampling(ADC). Time information measurement mainly involves timing discrimination and time-digital conversion. The waveform digitization technique has many advantages in nuclear physics and particle physics experiments. Some large-scale particle physics experiments have introduced this method to the design and application of relevant circuits. The FADC and SCA based waveform digitization techniques are analyzed briefly.Chapter 3 describes the first design solution of the readout electronics system in this paper based on the charge integrating ASIC chips. The proposed system is a complete electrical readout system that relies on the advanced commercial ASIC of VA32 from IDEA. The proposed system consists of the front-end electrical board, data acquisition board and the upper computer for readout control. The proposed electronic read-out system can achieve 360-channel signal read-out and data processing and send to PC for storage. It also has the ability to receive and send t he instructions, analyze and respond to the instruction packets, measure remotely, as well as being capable of calibrations and self-test.Chapter 4 describes another readout electronics system based the switched capacitor array ASIC chip. The proposed system relies on the commercial ASIC of DRS4 from PSI, and is capable of performing digitized waveform measurement on the 8 channels detection output signals at a maximum sampling rate of 5GHz. The waveform sampling technique is very attractive prospect. The reason is that the sampled data on the waveform obtained by the hardware can yield much physical data via software computation, resulting in greatly reduced models of hardware and considerably improved circuit flexibility. The entire electrical system is only comprised of the waveform digitalization circuit board and the upper computer software.Chapter 5 provides the performance evaluation of the two readout electronics systems. The readout electronics systems are tested from the pure electrical perspective, and the evaluation results are presented. The test results show that the systems can meet the requirements of particle physics experiments. The VA32 readout electronics system has a dynamic range of 0-12.5p C and a random noise level of about 3.2f C. Its integral non-linearity is better than 0.6%, and the system’s linear gain is about 1462 X. For the DRS4 readout electronics system, the dynamic range of the signal input is about 1Vpp, the random noise level is better than 0.5m V, the sampling rate is 700MHz~5GHz, the signal input bandwidth is 800 MHz, and it can achieve cascade connection between circuit boards.Chapter 6 analyzes the application of the two readout electronics systems in particle physics experiments. The tests on the readout electronics system together with the detector demonstrate the feasibility of the design solution separately.Chapter 7 concludes the paper and discusses the future work.