| Currently the community issues are of common concern for WorldwideNational Park and Protected Area system. And the management philosophy shiftfrom the past "negative" and "exclusive" is now emphasis on community valuesand sustainable development. Community issues and planning in the NationalParks of Chinaare also important factors in the protection and management effects. Incurrent management and planning of these communities, it is common practiceand prevalent policy to impose exclusive demolition and relocation, lack of acomprehensive study on the community and community planning.Having negativeeffect on NPs’ integral value and community’s potential values preservation,currentsituation will not only impinge on local residents’ lawful rights tosustainable development, but also intensify the conflicts betweenNP’scommunities andrelated managing authorities.In this study, identifying the multiple values of community in NP of China oriented,to explore suitable community planning approaches for double achievements ofcommunity value system preservation and community sustainable development.According to the thinking framework of posing, understanding, analyzing andsolvingresearch problems, the study can be roughly divided into four parts.Firstly, to explore the research background at home and abroad, and preliminaryposethe research problems, followed by the existing theories and literatures review, andfurther deepen and refine the research. Subsequently, a comprehensive investigation ofhistory and current situation of the NP’s communities. Analyze the main driving forceto promote the evolution of the communityin a broader context of nationalsocio-economic developments; Current situation analysis included bothcommunitiesthemselves and related planning policies, the former from multiple sides toresearch the complicated situation of current NP’s communities, the latter by examiningmany existing planning documents to analyzeNP’s communities policystatus. Thirdly,to deeply examine the NP’s communities and its’ planning policies from the perspectiveof multiple values. Using the Utility Value Theory, analyze the NP’s communities valuesystem, then find the problem that currently NP’s community planning policies ignoreevaluation, which have terrible results. According to the resources allocation and governance approach analysis, finds that the lack of effectiveness of major currentpolicies, then make the community self-organization governance as improvement ideas.Finally, based on the community value system andself-organization governanceapproaches, to propose the optimization strategies of the NP’s community planning inthe planning objectives, planning characteristics, main planning content, key stages ofplanning process and other aspects, with Jiuzhai Valley National Park and it’scommunity as a practical case.The NP’s community value system can be divided into two sections which are thecommunity as object and subject of the value. As the object, the NP’s community valuecontain living, recreation, economy, research, and optiontypes; While as the subject, thevalue can take economy, spirit, recreation, environment,etc.as the main elements. Thereare close relationships between the various elements and NPs. Assessment of the NP’scommunity values needs choosing different evaluation indicators and methodsaccording to the different value system elements, and then taking an overall analysis ofthe value system. As the complement of existing hierarchy and market governance,theself-organizing governance is an ideal way for the NP’s community. While currently theNP’s community does not yet have sufficient self-organizing conditions, so byincreasing the content of soft planning and using participatory planning andcommunication tools, etc., the NP’s community planning can promote the formation ofnecessary conditions of community self-organization governance, and ultimatelyachieve the NP’s community value system protection and its reasonable sustainabledevelopment. |
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