| With the establishment and development of China’s opening up policies, rapidly increasing FDI in China has attracted worldwide attention. In2012, China’s actual use of foreign investment amounted to＄ 111.72billion. The entry of FDI has had extensive and far-reaching impact on China’s economic and social development and modernization process, and in turn, promotes the government to develop a more favorable foreign investment policy to attract more FDI; it is this increasingly open investment environment and policy support that constitute a sustained growth of FDI in China. However, everything has two sides, FDI in this sense is a double-edged sword, brings the abundant capital, high technology and advanced management experience as well as the unignored hazards and pressure on the environment&energy in the host country.Carbon emission has become one of the main agendas of the world climate conference, has also become important issue related to the vital interests as well as the long-term interests of everyone of us. China has committed to a40-45%reduction in carbon intensity from2005to2020, this commitment is not only a task, but also an obligation and mission. Comprehensive analysis of FDI from different sources and further study of the impact on China’s carbon emissions, are helpful to provide some reference to balance China’s foreign policy and environmental strategies, and to build two-way strategy of sustainable development between foreign investment and energy saving emission reducing. In view of this, the dissertation studys following questions:From the general situations of FDI since the reform and opening policy, it shows the following characteristics:Firstly, the use of foreign capital continues to maintain a larger scale, but its growth rate is slowing down. Secondly, the industrial distribution of FDI is unevenly and the industrial structure is gradually optimizing. The highest proportion of foreign investment is in the secondary industry especially in the manufacturing sector, which is still the main areas of foreign investment. Thirdly, FDI is also unevenly distributed in different regions of China. The huge gaps exist between the eastern, central and western regions. Foreign direct investment is highly concentrated on the eastern region of China. It takes on the trend of gradually advancing from south to north, east to west.To explore the characteristics and differences of the main sources of FDI in China, the dissertation divides the different sources into the following four types: Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan; Japan, South Korea and Singapore; the United States and Canada; Britain, France and Germany. Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions as a part of China trade with the mainland; Japan, Korea and other East Asian countries represent the successful innovation region through technology imitation from developed western countries, United States and Canada represent foreign capital from the North America; Britain France and Germany are representatives of the European Union, as the fourth source of foreign investment. Based on the frame, the dissertation analyzes the characteristics of different sources of FDI in China.By means of time series analysis method and comparative analysis of the relationship between the foreign investments from different countries and carbon emissions from1997to2011, the results show that the impacts of different sources of FDI on carbon emissions in China exist significant differences:foreign capital from Britain, France and Germany has a positive effect on the carbon emissions, it may be that Britain, France and Germany are the most economically and technologically developed countries on the earth, the investment structure has become more and more advanced; FDI from the United States and Canada also has a positive impact on carbon emission in China. The reasons are likely that global companies of America pay more attention to the long-term strategy and tend to transfer the core technology and set up R&D center; FDI from Japan, Korea and Singapore has a negative effect on carbon emission in China, the reasons may be that foreign investment scale is not large and mainly limited in labor-intensive manufacturing, R&D level is not as well as Europe and America so that technology spillover effect is limited; Investments from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions, generally export-oriented, low technical level and additional value, making use of the mainland’s cheap labor, natural resources and lax environmental regulation, could not have a positive impact on China’s carbon emissions. Finally, on the basis of depth study on the effect of FDI sources on carbon emissions in China, the dissertation tries to find an appropriate balance between China’s foreign policy and environmental strategies to provide policy recommendations, such as the adjustment of investment structure, perfection of foreign capital quality, optimizing the industrial structure, playing abatement structure effect, adjusting the energy structure, improving energy efficiency, and improving environmental regulation, raising the threshold of entry. |
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