The Investigation Of Non-grain Oil Plants In Inner Mongolia And Analysis On Physical And Chemical Properties Of Five Plant Species

With the energy crisis of the world being more intensive, biodiesel fuel has receivedmore and more attention as an ideal energy which can replace fossil fuel. The exploitationof material has been concerned for global. The non-grain diesel plants are great potential,because it does’t threaten food security and sustainable supplied. Therefore, understandingthe resource status of non-grain diesel plants in our country, and selecting the nature ofgood species, it is great significance for comprehensive development and utilization. Thisstudy on the basis of consulting a large number of literature, in non-grain diesel plants inInner Mongolia as the research object, conducted field investigation for150plants whichoil content was more than10.00%, collected samples, seeds and accessed to survey data,screened22plants which was suitable for exploitation and utilization in the further in InnerMongolia. Analgsised on physical and chemical properties of5plants. The research resultsas follows:⑴F ocused on investigation of150oil plants in Inner Mongolia, belongs to42families and106genuses, respectively accounted35.90%in families,14.66%in g-enuses and6.30%in species for the total non-grain oil plants.Species was relativelypoor, but families and genuses relatively was abundant.⑵Dominant families was9, For instance, Rosaceae, Cruciferae, Compositae, Lam-iaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Pinaceae, Betulaceae, Leguminosae. Dominant fa-milies included59.33%for the total species.⑶Distribution types was multifarious, the areal types distribution in families d-istribution accounted for the largest percentage, the temperate distribution in genusesdistribution accounts for absolute advantage.⑷Woody plants were82species, herbaceous plants were68species, respectiv-ely accounted54.67%and45.34%for total. There was not significant differencesbetween the ration of woody and herbaceous plants, but superiority of herbaceouswas obvious. For instance, Xanthium mongolicum Patrin ex Widder, Iris lactea Pall.var. chinensis(Fisch.)Koidz., Hyoscyamus niger L..⑸Mesophytes plants were129species, accounted86.00%for the total non-gra-inoil plants. Xerophytes plants were20species, accounted13.33%for the total. Hygrophyte plants were1species, accounted0.67%for the total. Although xeroph-ytes plants were few, xerophytic had large application value for desertification ininner Mongolia.⑹Distribution characteristics of non-grain oil plants in inner Mongolia was de-nse in northeast and sparse in western. The plants with high oil content were distr-ibuted in northeast. But few potential oil plants distributed in sparse area.⑺The diesel plants which had been developed just one species, Xanthocerassorbifolia Bunge. There were more potential oil plants for development. By compre-hensive analysis, screened22plants which can be exploited intensively. For instanc-e, Corylus mandshurica Maxim.et Rup., Prunus sibirica L., Prunus triloba Lindl.,Prunus mongolica Maxim., Prunus pedunculata (Pall.) Maxim., Cotoneaster multiflo-rus Bunge, Prinsepia uniflora Batal., Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge, Euonymus maa-ckii Rupr., Acer truncatum Bunge, Ulmus macrocarpa Hance, Rorippa islandica (O-ed.) Borbas, Goldbachia laevigata (M.Bieb.) DC., Cynanchum komarovii A1., Iris l-actea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz., Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder, Hy-oscyamus niger L., Peganum harmalala L., Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn., Thali-ctrum foetidum L., Descurainia Sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl, Platycodon grandiflor-us (Jacq.) A.DC..⑻The physical and chemical properties of5plants (Corylus mandshuricaMaxim.et Rupr., Prunus pedunculata (Pall.) Maxim., Prunus sibirica L., Prunus mo-ngolica Maxim., Acer truncatum Bunge) were excellent. The results showed that theoil content was more than30.00%, iodine value was more than120g/100g, ceta-ne number was more than47of5plants. Acid value of Corylus mandshurica Ma-xim.et Rupr., Prunus pedunculata (Pall.) Maxim., Prunus sibirica L., Prunus mong-olica Maxim. was less than1mg/g, so they were low acid value oil. Saponificatio-n value of Prunus mongolica Maxim. was optimum. The carbon chain length wasC14～C22, The content of trienoic fatty acids was less than12.00%, no polyunsat-urated fatty acid with four or more double bonds was found of5plants. It was c-oncludedthat, as biodiesel feedstock oil, seed oil of Prunus mongolica Maxim. wasthe best, the second was Corylus mandshurica Maxim.et Rupr., Prunus Pedunculata (Pall.) Maxim., Prunus sibirica L., the last was Acer truncatem Bunge.