| With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the energy consumption is rapidly increasing, and will continue to increase in China, as a result of which energy and environmental issues are increasingly becoming the bottleneck of sustainable development in China. Improving energy efficiency is one of the key solutions to the energy and environment issues, and also key point of economic growth mode reform in China, therefore improving provincial energy efficiency is of great realistic importance and urgency under the background of implementing scientific concept of development and constructing a harmonious society. However, currently, the provincial energy efficiency results of various researches are quite different due to no clear definition for energy efficiency and existing defects of energy efficiency indexes,which can not be used to judge the levels of provincial energy efficiency, let alone the influencing factors and improving measures of provincial energy efficiency.Focus on the core topic of provincial energy efficiency improvement in China, abiding by the research idea of "exploring and refining theory from practice, explaining and guiding practice by theory", according to the research mainline of "concept definition-efficiency evaluation-change trend-influencing factor-countermeasure", the provincial energy efficiencies in China are deeply analyzed using the combined method of theoretical analysis and empirical study. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)What are the concept and connotation of energy efficiency?Firstly, the theoretical framework of energy efficiency is constructed in terms of efficiency and equity, system theory, and the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. Secondly, the concept and connotation of energy efficiency are defined from three respects of input, utilizing and output. Thirdly, the conceptual frameworks of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency are built based on the concept and connotation of energy efficiency.(2) What's the level and change of energy efficiency?Evaluation modes of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency are constructed based on the conceptual frameworks of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency respectively, and the effectiveness of evaluation modes are verified through empirical research. During the study period, both of the provincial energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency have geographical patterns of decrease trend from coast area to inland area. There are considerable differences among the provincial energy efficiency and provincial energy input cost efficiency, so each province has its own energy-saving potential, yield potential and emission reduction potential.Taking all the above into account, on one hand, the evaluation modes can be effectively used to evaluate the energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency in the aspect of theory, and meet the demand of systematic analysis well;for the other hand, the evaluation modes will offer more reasonable measurement and evaluation standards in the aspect of practice, and provide decision support for energy efficiency improvement.(3)How do energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency change?The 30 provinces are divided into three main areas,which are eastern area, middle area and western area. The changes of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency of three main areas are analyzed using the evaluation modes of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency. The results show that energy efficiencies and energy input cost efficiencies of three main areas have time patterns of decrease trend from 2001 to 2007.However, the convergences of energy efficiency and energy input cost efficiency of three main areas show different characteristics.(4) What are the influencing factors of energy efficiency?Based on the logical relation analysis, the energy efficiency' key influencing factors are indentified. Afterwards the panel data mode of key influencing factors of provincial energy efficiency is established, by using of which the impacts of technical progress, industry structure adjustment, energy consumption structure optimization and production scale on provincial energy efficiency are empirically examined. According to the Stakeholder Theory, the driving force model for provincial energy efficiency is established combined with the influencing factors analysis, on the ground of which some suggestions of provincial energy efficiency improvement are pointed out that the coordinate development of national strategy, provincial planning, enterprise implementation and end use is required to achieve the provincial energy efficiency improvement.
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