Study On Mechanism And Effect Of Knowledge Spillovers In Regional Innovation System

As a successful form of economic organization, regional innovation system is increasingly prominent and become an important direction in current economic and social development. In 2009, more than ten regional economic development planning projects were approved. What is the driving force to achieve sustainable and leap-forward development for regional innovation system? In classical economics, economic progress depends on external resources and eventually led to the decreasing returns to scale. Now this theory is clearly inappropriate. However, with the development of the theory of endogenous growth, the technology and human capital, or knowledge, become the engine of economic growth.As nature of non-exclusive and non-competitive, Knowledge not only promote organizational innovation, but also spill over into other organizations and promote their innovations. And then, the knowledge of these innovations will overflow and form the continuous overflow of mutual knowledge among different organizations. That is to say, knowledge spillovers prompt increasing returns and sustainable growth.Despite everyone achieve a consensus about the effect of knowledge spillover on regional economic development, but the study on inherent mechanism of how knowledge spillovers affect the regional economic growth is not convincing and the theory system is also not perfect. It is still not clear that how the knowledge spill over into intra-regional and inter-regional as well as different entities. Nor does it explain the modeling process of knowledge spillovers. On another side, it is very complex and difficult to construct the micro-level model of knowledge spillovers. Therefore, the mechanism of knowledge spillovers is still a "black box" which needs urgently to be penetrated. So it has important theoretical value and practical significance to study deeply on the nature, mechanism and effect of knowledge spillovers.The main purpose of this article is to study on mechanism of knowledge spillovers through constructing micro-model of knowledge spillovers, as well as validation of empirical analysis. Therefore, we can understand deeply the internal mechanism of effect of knowledge spillovers on regional economic development.In this thesis, Firstly, many literatures on fruit and method of knowledge spillover are compiled. Then, some reviews are given separately on concepts and contents of knowledge spillover, factors of affecting knowledge spillover, the role of knowledge spillovers, the inner relations between knowledge spillovers and economic growth, the measure of knowledge spillovers effect.Secondly, in the perspective of the economic growth theory, the cumulative causation theory, the technology gap theory, spatial diffusion theory, social network analysis theory, knowledge spillover measurement method, etc., we sort out and understand the relations between knowledge spillover and these theories. Also, we can make clear how these theories about knowledge spillovers revolute. So that we can gain a deeper understanding of the nature of knowledge spillovers as well as providing theoretical support for the study in next chapters.Thirdly, based on the flow process of knowledge spillovers, the process is dived into three parts:generation process, conduction process and absorption process. System dynamic model of each process is established respectively in order to explore the cause-effect relationship between various factors. Then, three processes will be integrated to grasp the combined effects of a number of factors on the knowledge spillovers. Also, it lays the foundation for the simulation analysis in subsequent chapters.Fourthly, around the operating process, a systematic study on the knowledge spillover mechanism is made and divvied into threes parts:generating mechanism, conducting mechanism and absorbing mechanism. As a mobile system, the function of knowledge spillovers mechanism mainly reflects from the inner relationship and affects. It includes operating environment, operating objects, operating aim and operating channel etc. Especially, more attentions are paid to the relationship and effects among different-factors during the process of knowledge spillovers. The first, the process of knowledge spillovers is analyzed and many important factors are extracted. The generation of knowledge spillovers depends on the willingness and force of spillovers between different entities. Two game models are constructed respectively based on complete information and incomplete information. With comparative analysis, we found that it contributes to generation of knowledge spillovers to improve the output elasticity of knowledge spillover and establish long-term cooperative relationship. In addition to, taking knowledge spillover strength, breadth and depth as three-dimensional coordinates, a knowledge spillovers field is constructed to describe dynamic occurring process of knowledge spillovers, which explains the generating mechanism of knowledge spillovers. The second, the conducting process of knowledge spillovers is decomposed details. Then, based on social network structure, a conductive model is constructed to study how these factors such as the social network structure (ie, the location of element organizations in network), social network relationship (ie, the relationship level of the organizations), the features of social network nodes (ie, whether there is a leader in the element organizations), external policies for knowledge transfer processes and behavior to affect the process and behavior of knowledge conductive, which expounds the conducting mechanism of knowledge spillovers. The third, the absorbing process of knowledge spillovers is decomposed in details. Then based on the social network structure, the motivation and condition of knowledge interaction are analyzed. And then an interactive model is built in order to explore the process of accumulation and absorption for knowledge and study the effect on the evolution of knowledge state in system, which illustrates the absorbing mechanism of knowledge spillovers.Fifthly, knowledge is dived into two parts:measured knowledge and unmeasured knowledge because the patents can't present all innovations. A spatial Durbin model is constructed based on C-D production function. Based on the panel data from provinces, the results show:The first, the effect of knowledge spillovers does exist and has a significant positive correlation with regional economic development. The knowledge goes beyond the geographical boundaries of administrative areas and spill into neighboring regions. The second, the effect of knowledge spillovers is most remarkable based on 3-order contiguity matrix. The third, the effect of knowledge spillovers does not strictly descend with the increasing of order of contiguity matrix, but increase firstly and descend later, which shows that there is an optimal distance for knowledge spillovers. Even more important, the last two results confirm that the theoretic-analysis about generation condition of knowledge spillovers is right.Finally, the thesis summarizes the main results and many hot issues in related fields are put forward.