The Safety Research On Automobile Industry Of South Korea

In the period of previous globalization, realism raised the country's safety to a hierarchy of theory, and formed the traditional safety viewpoint of which main content were politics safety, military safety and territorial integrity. After the end of the cold war, traditional viewpoint of safety replaced nontraditional viewpoint of safety, and economic security became the country's core concept of safety. However, the industrial safety was the basis of economic security and the basic starting point for a country to work out industry policies and practical economic intervention. Hence, within the economy of a country, the safe condition of the leading industry is an important index which can affect this country's economic security.The features of automobile industry are high devotion, high production, long value chain and colony settlement development. The production, marketing, research and development, service, credit, insurance and other aspects on automobile industry can become the strength of enhancing a country's economy and the important sign of the industrialization level of a country. Hence, if a country have its own automobile industry, it will become the country's pillar industry. Korea is a newly industrialized country after the cold war, and the automobile industry plays an important role on its economic development during the entire industrial process. Korean automobile industry started with the help of its government at 1960s, from the starting point of packaging the cars to now, and this industry has become No.1 in export, volume of trade and jobs provided, and its output has become the fifth in the world, and take an important position in national economy. But accompanied by continuous changes of economic globalization and international environment, the existing security risks of Korean automobile industry have appeared. For instance, too much unitary structure of Korean automobile industry makes it a disadvantageous position during the competition among industry. In the new century, Korean policies of setting out its stall for global retailers course the raising anxiety that international multinational corporate will control the domestic automobile industry. Also, the international competition of automobile industry will be very severely because some of the developing countries, such as China and India, have risen sharply. The international financial crisis happened in 2008 influenced the global automobile market, and a new structure will appear. Hence, analysis on the safety condition of Korean automobile industry, and the degree of safety conclusion by quantitative analysis, we can find out the effective methods and ways to maintain the industry safety, and the problems that should be noticed of during the maintaining process. These conclusions could provide some referential theories and practical experience for the development of Chinese automobile industry's safety.Industrial safety can be observed from static and dynamic state. On aspect of static state, the industry security behaves as the status that the special behavioral mutant's survival and development aren't threatened and on dynamic, it behaves as the continually development and competition capability of special behavioral mutant's independent industry. The degree of safety of a country's specific industrial can be estimated by the quantitative analysis on the indexes in its evaluation system of industrial safety. These indexes include: domestic living environment, international competitive power, foreign degree of dependency and the control force of foreign capital and so on. Each target will be followed by second and third level target.This dissertation amply analyses the domestic living environment, industrial international competitive power and foreign degree of dependency and the control force of foreign capital of some industries which influence the automobile industrial safety, and establishes the first and second level function by adopting AHP analytic procedure (Analytic Hierarchy Process), and setting up the test model and processing sample data.On the basis of establishing the first and second degree function, according to the first and second degree function of four big targets that influence automobile industrial safety, this dissertation finds the conclusion from static that Korean automobile industrial security is safe now. Through the analysis on the simulation process of losing the superiority of influencing factor, we can get the conclusion from the dynamic that international competitiveness has played an important role in various international competition environment under the condition of opening the market. The great efforts that made by government and domestic automobile industry of Korea to raise the international competitiveness could help forming the condition of automobile industrial safety.The research of this dissertation is not only about the empirical estimate of Korean automobile industry safety degree, moreover, the important point is the conclusion that this dissertation find out through the process of the empirical estimate, this conclusion will be helpful to analysis on the methods that Korean automobile industry can adopt to develop its safety and explore the model of achieving its automobile industrial safety. The method of developing Korean automobile industry safety can be summarized as follow: the method of protection and nurture from the government, the market organizational method of expansion of domestic demand and exploration international market, emphasizing the importing and creating of technology, achieving the striding over of skill, raising the international competitiveness, creating the international proprietary brand. Form the above we can find that the Korean automobile industry emphasizes the function of its government, enterprises and market during the development process of its automobile industrial safety. Hence, this dissertation draws a conclusion on Korean automobile industrial safety model on the levels of macroscopic, the middle, and microcosmic under the condition of opening economy.The first is the interactive mode between government and market in macroscopic level. Using the relationship between advantages and disadvantages of government and market to achieve the process of automobile industrial safety, Korea adopts the model of the interactive mode between government and market, and changes the ways of protecting, supporting and conniving as usual, and gives full play to the means of market allocation of resources, and requires the competition among domestic enterprises, at the same time, and also requires these enterprises raising their international competitiveness and fully competes with international enterprises. The interactive degree between government and market within the interactive mode is decided by the development situation of industry. If the industry is in its infancy, it will need more protection and support even its policy is opening of economy; if the industry is in its mature period, the government should give the right to the industry, and let market mechanism do more work. The development of environment protective model automobile industry is being paid attention to by the global now, because this industry is in its infancy, the government should give it some protection and supporting policies according to its researching and popularizing; However, after this technology becomes mature and reaches its shape, the government will promote the industry into international competitive environment in order to pledge the safety of automobile industry. Secondly, the model is that the enterprises who are in the middle level should make independent innovation to raise the international competitiveness. Each enterprise is the elementary unit of the industry and the micro-foundation of one country's industrial safety. The safety issue of an industry actually is the issue of the enterprises in this industry. Making a general observation to Korean automobile industry, its automobile enterprises become the main parts of production, technical innovation, research and development, marketing and investment, raising their domestic and international competitiveness. The last is the model of highly concentrated and aggregative industrial organization in middle range. The model of highly centralized and aggregative industrial organization in middle range has formed before the opening of marketing. This model promotes the safety development of Korean automobile industry because of the requirement of scale production and high capital, and will influence the industrial organizational form in the future. Just as Michael Porter said that the enterprises which have competitiveness will not be uniform distribution in a country's economic system. His words means that it is difficult to form the specialization advantages without strong industrial group but only some small scale enterprises. However, Korea is doing the right thing, and utilising the developing way of industrial collectivize, and making the big enterprises take the responsibility of developing the automobile industry.The three models of the levels of macroscopic, the middle, and microcosmic mentioned above are not isolated. The level of macroscopic model supports large existing environment for enterprises and industries, this environment will decide the transaction costs, and influence the developing and operating situation of the industry. The microcosmic level of enterprises'model always will be the basis of the industrial level model, the development and strengthen of enterprises will relate to the development and strengthen of the industry, and the safely development of entire industry will encourage the continuously developing of enterprises. Among these three models, the middle model is the bridge between macroscopic and microcosmic. When the government wants to formulate a policy, it would not consult the situations of some certain enterprises but thinking about how to coordinate with the industrial safety level of the middle.On the basis of exploring Korean automobile industrial safety model, this dissertation gives some suggestions to Chinese development of automobile industrial safety. The suggestions are as these: fully using the macro-control of government, constructing an ordered marketing environment for the development of automobile enterprises, establishing a new self-reliant innovation system of motor vehicle, improving research and development of autonomous capacity, using the strategy of proprietary brand, setting up the brand image, raising the brand value, developing both of the strategic reorganization and intensification, reorganizing"scatter, mess and small,"promoting the affinity of industry, consolidating the domestic market, exploring international market actively.