Research On Constructing The Rural Social Security System Based On Farmland

The existing farmland system based on the household contract responsibility system is playing a role in ensuring the farmers, and becomes an indispensable system for an alternative in the case of that the new type of rural social security system has not been established. However, the protection function is at the expense of the value of property of farmland, this situation has hindered the farmland's transferring and the agricultral land system reform's deepening, has weakened the capital base of rural social security system, which is the collective economy, and even has solidified the existing urban-rural dual structure. Therefore, it is a reasonable path of establishing the new type of rural social security system that in-depth understanding of the correlation between the farmland system and rural social security system, playing the fundamental role of farmland in funding. To address these problems, this thesis conducts the following research and draws relevant conclusions.First, the thesis examines the historical evolution and current status of rural social security system in China, and draws the enlightenment:the rural social security system is always adapt to a certain level of productivity, while the farmland system has played a fundamental role in the institutional transition. The government, as the system exporter, plays an important role in the process.Secondly, reaserch on the policy and theoretical basis of constructing the rural social security system based on farmland:the evolution of China's traditional ideology and culture is permeated with thinking about the land problem and the protection of people's livelihood, and the ideological foundation for the social security system and the ideological origins of the land system has internal consistency. Sociological theories on social security provides a useful perspective for the research which considers farmland system and social security system as a whole. Economic theory provides guidance on technical issues. The Marxism theories on rent indicates that it is feasible in theory that realize the economic value of farmland and make it become the capital base of rural social security system in the current economic system in China. While the relevant policies, regulations, and the recognition of right of contracting becoming real rights and farmland transferring provide the policy basis.Thirdly, reaserch on the feasibility in reality of constructing the rural social security system based on farmland:this thesis adopting questionaries as well as interviewing, chooses Henan Province as the investigation spot, and investigates 154 households, which are scattered in 17 towns in 17 cities,25 villages, and 74 villager groups. On the basis of the first-hand research materials along with the use of comparative research approach, from the perspective of respectiong wishes of farmers and promotion of farmers'motives of participating rural social security, from the farmers'understanding of the current system and satisfaction with it, this thesis analyses farmers'evaluation of it. The thesis also analyses the farmers'wishes of constructing the rural social security system based on farmland from farmers'cognition of the value of farmland and the association between the farmland and rural social security system.On this basis, this thesis probes into the concrete path of constructing the rural social security system:constructing the rural social security system based on farmland calls for complating two conversions of rights and capital. On one hand, the conversion between the farmland rights and the rights to social security must be achieved. Based on the separation of farmland ownership and usufruct, using the rights to collective membership as the intermediary, the farmland rights should be converted into dual stock ownership owned to stockholders in companies, which are the open-end stock and the close-end stock. The open-end stock is free to transfer in order to advance the value of farmland as property and strengthen farmers'ability to protect theirselves. The close-end stock is prohibted to be transferred. Under the premise of that the position of the collective as the subject of farmland ownership of collective must be ensured. The close-end stock is the lowest arrangement of the rights to social security of the collective members, and at the same time enhancing the economic strength of the collective. In the meantime, the changes of rights caused by death, birth, marriage, residence flow and shareholder rights transferring must be considered in order to solve the contradiction between the scarcity of farmland and the constant changes of the rights. The obstacles of the rights'transferring should be eliminated with the analysis of the effect to the wishes of rights'transferring brought about by factors such as sex, age, income level, and working experience, which is based on the Logistic model. On the other hand, according to the distinction between subjects of the funding of rural social security, which are the country, the collective, and farmers, this thesis analyses the funding responsibility and ability to afford of different subjects, and approaches process of the transformation between the income derived from the operation of the farmland by stock companies which owned to different subjects and social security funds. In addition, several aspects as follows must be prepared to ensure long-term, orderly functioning of rural social security funds:strengthen the protection of farmland rights as real rights, stabilize the controlling position of the collective in the company, implement the multi-level supervision of rural social security funds, and manage rural social security accounts scientifically.Under the current institutional framework, combined with farmers'wishes of constructing the rural social security system based on farmland, to have a foothold on existing practical and theoretical basis, this thesis explores how to join the farmland system and rural social security system, and comes to the conclusion and the resolutions: collective land ownership is the most powerful guarantee of the source of rural social security funds, and the demutualization of it is the reasonable path of solving the problem of rural social security funds. Meanwhile, the government must take the dual responsibilities of institutions output and finance' providing.