| The so-called trend of thought about saving the nation by engaging in industry is that under the stimulation of nation crisis on modern times, part of bourgeoisie intellectual, industrialist, statesman regard that the industry recession of China is mainly responsible for its lagging behind and being vulnerable to attacks and accumulating the poverty and weakness. In order to resist insult and change the poverty, they cherish the idea of saving the nation by engaging in industry, try to explore new ways and methods of vitalizing industry, and reconsider profoundly and debate with each other about the practice of vitalizing industry, which is the content of saving the nation by engaging in industry. The essence of the thought is to accept and reflect the capitalist mode of production, and a preliminary construction to the Chinese industrialization theory. It embodies in remarks which are carried by the articles and books written by people at that time, and also in concrete regulations and nation's relevant legal systems about initiating industry.During the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China are two main sources of Industry Salvation Thought, first is the crystallization of ideas about exploring rich and powerful way giving by Chinese people who had lofty ideals before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894; second is the communication of western culture, especially western economic theory, in China. Industrial Salvation thought sprout in Sino-Japanese War of 1894 to the Boxer Incident and growing into a huge wave during the New Deal period at the end of Qing Dynasty. After the founding of the Republic of China it is becoming more popular. After 20s, Industry Salvation Thought gradually transformed into the controversy about the development of our national economic development path should depend on agriculture or rely on industries. The focus of concern and discussion in Industry Salvation Thought are different in different stages. From the historical development, the purpose of making Chinese nation prosperous and strong has not changed but the theoretical knowledge of the revitalization of industry is changing.Because of the differences of the knowledge structure, life experiences and political ideas among the industrial salvation believers , everyone thinks in his way on how to revitalize the industry. But speaking from the whole trend of these thoughts , the core issue under discussion can be summed up as the external conditions and internal factors needed for the development the industry. External conditions have focused mainly on three aspects: First, how to formulate economic laws and regulations to protect industrial development? Second, how to establish Bank to assist the industrial development? Third, how to reform the tax system to promote industrial development? When industrial salvation believers are discussing these issues, their starting point is to meet the needs of industrial development, not to solve the financial problems or social distribution, and their thinking is different from ideas on bank construction and tax reform from a financial or social distribution point of view. The internal factors are focused on three points: one, how to raise industrial capital? Secondly, how to cultivate industrial talents? Thirdly, how to improve enterprise management and technology level? The discussing of these issues by industrial salvation believers are influenced by two aspects:on the one hand they are bound by the traditional economy, on the other hand they accept the Western economic theory mechanically. Their theory is immature, and even variable. All above mirrors of the phenomenon of new-old hybrid and Chinese-Western Hybrid in social economy in the period of social transition. In order to reveal the panorama of the trends better, this paper selected the programs for national salvation of the industry given by three typical characters as Kang Youwei, Zhang Jian, Sun Yat-san for comparison to highlight trends within Industry Salvation Thought.As the social and economic trend of though, Industry Salvation Thought is, from the perspective of the main theme of time, the patriotic trend of saving the nation from subjugation and ensuring its survival; from the perspective of process of the development of history, the progressive trend of reasoning and mind-opening; and from the perspective of the essence of theory, the original construction industrial theory by Chinese capitalist class. The relation between the trend of thought of saving Chinese nation by engaging industry and the modern social development is close and interactive. Industry Salvation Thought is the catalyst of Chinese economy theory in modern times, the power unit of modern Chinese economic changes and the strengthener of modern Chinese political movements'development. |
