| Since 1990s, as the regional economic growth pole, industrial clusters have been given galactic attention in the academic field, and be adopted as a development stratagem by more and more countries and areas. In our country, since the reform and opening policy is been implemented, the industrial clusters (e.g. Guangdong's massive economy, Zhejiang's " One Product of One Town, "," One Product of One Village ", industrial clusters brought along by big companies in Shandong province and so on) developed vigorously and they have become an important carrier of "Made in China" and a driving power which pull our country's economic development forward. However, companies in the Changjiang and Zhujiang Delta get competitive advantages by low cost and low price, which is impermanent, unstable and fragile, and it cannot form enduring competition and sustainable development. From 2004, once flourishing industrial clusters now declined. In 2008, the conduct effect, which began from the sub-loan crisis in USA, now worldwide, has emerged, which affected the realistic economic in china. The abundant bankruptcy of labor intense, low technology and export oriented companies are more of an aggregate exposure of deficient competitiveness in industrial cluster. Knowledge competitiveness is the nut of modern industrial cluster. Strong ability of self-determination innovation is the main reason that keeps the industrial cluster develop durativily and healthily. Weak knowledge competitiveness and innovation have affected the competitiveness of industrial cluster in china, furthermore, affected it's healthy development, and eventually, bring bad influence on Chinese economy. For such reasons, we must take steps to improve the knowledge competitiveness.Based on the angle of the emerge of complicate self-adapting system and evaluating system of the first state-leveled software industrial clusters, this thesis analyses the formational process and impact ways of knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster, and brings forward the ways to improve it faced with the weakness in the financial crisis. Also, exertion to and used for reference on remedying the weakness, breaking through the difficulty, promoting the development and then boosting the economy healthily and continually from invest driving and low cost to knowledge driving and continually innovation. At the same time, the thesis connects the knowledge competitiveness and industrial cluster, which is not only an extension both on the theory of industry cluster and theory of knowledge competitiveness, but also offers a referable guide for later research.It is divided into seven parts:First, the introduction. The author gives the question and synthesizes the domestic and foreign correlative research to propose the basic mentality,which is the basic point. Second, the analysis of the knowledge competitiveness of Industrial clusters, which shows that the basic of the modern industrial cluster is the accumulation of knowledge. The source of the advantage of long-term competitiveness is knowledge competitiveness. Third, from the point of view of complicate self-adapting system, the author believes that the competitiveness of industrial cluster is an emerging phenomenon by people use knowledge in a creative way, and analyses it. The fourth part, the author analyzes the factors of knowledge competitiveness of industrial clusters, and divides into four segments: material effect, structure effect, quantity effect and environment effect, which the material effects and structure effects are the research focus. The fifth part, the author constructs an evaluating system and use it to evaluate the knowledge competitiveness of first state-leveled software industrial cluster and shows the direction to improve. The sixth part shows the outstanding problems of the industrial clusters. According to the above, the author suggests the ways to cultivate and improve the knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster. The last part is the summary.On the research methods, the theoretical interpretation, comparative analysis, game analysis and hierarchical analysis are used, and adopts some correlative cases, such as our country's first sweater industrial cluster------Honghe sweater industry cluster from the prosperous to the failure and the first state-leveled software industrial clusters. Through field visits, networking forum for the discussion and referring to the research from other scholars, the data are collected.We can draw such conclusions by the research:(1) Comparing the definition of RHA knowledge competitiveness and innovation, the author constructs the relationship of knowledge, innovation and knowledge competitiveness:knowledge is the base of the knowledge competitiveness, the knowledge itself is not competitiveness, only by flowing and used by innovation can it be transferred into competitiveness, and this is also the course of innovation. The truth of innovation is the course in which the knowledge is transferred into man-made products and the production of new knowledge. Innovation is the method by which the knowledge is transferred into competitiveness.(2)Judging from the development of the history, the element of knowledge pays a greater and greater important role. We can say that the foundation of modern industrial cluster is knowledge accumulation. Like other economy, the advantage of competitiveness of cluster equals the advantage of cost adds with differentiation. However, a period of validity exists. The cost advantage and differentiation are correlated with persistent innovation. Because of the limited space of clusters, the period of cost advantage and differentiation is reducing. The persistence innovation of technique and products are producing market constantly, the competitive advantage is maintained, so only the consistent innovation can bring the long term competitiveness of clusters. The source of long term competitiveness of industrial cluster is based on the knowledge and innovation.(3) The industrial cluster is a complicate adapting system. The knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster is the industrial cluster level competitiveness. But the industrial cluster innovation's main body is still an enterprise. However, innovation of enterprise alone doesn't ensure the improvement of knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster. Knowledge competitiveness is the microcosmic innovation emerging in the macroscopically fact, which includes material effect (initial knowledge content, the knowledge use and innovation of the main parts), the configuration effect(the matching and cooperation among the main parts), the scale of the cluster, and relationship the between cluster and environment.(4) The material effect of emergence of the knowledge competitiveness of industrial clusters reflect constitution it's initial knowledge content, the disposition and the flowing of knowledge in industrial clusters, the knowledge utilization, which is innovation ability and the innovation performance of industrial clusters agent. Compared with the group of foreign individual enterprises, industrial clusters for knowledge flow, sharing and innovation to create better conditions:The knowledge is more crowded in industrial cluster, the unofficial exchange channel is more unimpeded, More superior knowledge flowing and sharing "Ba", And promoted the enterprise of industrial cluster division and cooperation based on the knowledge ability.(5) As a Complex Adaptive System, the industrial cluster knowledge competitiveness also affected by the cluster structure. The configuration effect of the emergence of the knowledge competitiveness of the industrial cluster include:â‘ the selecting mechanism of the agent, namely, whether a good innovation agent can be "selected" as the leader of industrial cluster innovation,â‘¡whether a match and coordination mechanism of industrial Cluster main body is to provide support for the cluster innovation,â‘¢whether a innovative positive feedback mechanism of industrial cluster is formed, promoting industrial cluster main bodies'innovation is more active, urging the industrial cluster to be in the chaos the edge, creating the condition for the knowledge competitive power's emergence.(6) System's whole emergence always has the environment profound brand mark, an effective industrial cluster must be an open knowledge system. The emergence of knowledge competitiveness, industrial cluster size is not the bigger the better, an inverted U-relationship between the two exists.(7)By constructing evaluation system, the author estimated and reviewed the competitiveness of the first state-leveled software clusters. The results are as follows:Beijing, shanghai the first,80 score; Hangzhou, Nanjing Guangzhou and Jinan the second, a great gap exists between the first and the second level, and also these clusters are developed balanced. The third level are Dalian, Chengdu and Xi'an, and they are not only low leveled but also developed imbalanced.(8) The outstanding problem in industrial cluster is the insufficient knowledge accumulation. The reasons are as follows:â‘ Bad self-innovation ability, all produce similar goods;â‘¡No complete value chain, all produce low valued goods;â‘¢Limited size and no leading company;â‘£Bad communication and cooperation level among the individual companies.In order to improve the knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster, the following three aspects must be given enough attention, firstly, reinforce the ability to the share and innovation of knowledge, secondly, establish and consummate the cultivation mechanism of Leading enterprise and essential enterprise in Industrial clusters,thirdly, cultivate and optimize Innovation capability and performance of the agent Industrial cluster, fourthly, cultivate and optimize the cooperation and coordination mechanism between Industrial clusters member, fifthly, cultivate and optimize the benefit coordinated mechanisms of two kind of different enterprise in Industrial clusters, at last, promoting industrial clusters in global value chains, strengthen linkages between the clusters and the environment.The main innovated points of the thesis are:(1)Comparing the definition of RHA knowledge competitiveness with innovation, the author constructs the relationship of knowledge, innovation and knowledge competitiveness: knowledge is the base of the knowledge competitiveness, the knowledge itself is not competitiveness, only by flowing and used by innovation can it be transferred into competitiveness, and this is also the course of innovation. The truth of innovation is the course in which the knowledge is transferred into man-made products and the production of new knowledge. Innovation is the method by which the knowledge is transferred into competitiveness. (2) The author analyzed the source of competitiveness of industrial cluster, and believes that:the advantage of competitiveness of cluster equals the advantage of cost adds with differentiation. However, a period of validity exists. The cost advantage and differentiation are correlated with persistent innovation. Because of the limited space of clusters, the period of cost advantage and differentiation is reducing. The persistence innovation of technique and products are producing market constantly, the competitive advantage is maintained, so only the consistent innovation can bring the long term competitiveness of clusters. The source of long term competitiveness of industrial cluster is based on the knowledge and innovation.â‘¢Based on the emerging theory, the author studied the forming of knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster. The knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster is the industrial cluster level competitiveness. But the industrial cluster innovation's main body is still an enterprise. However, innovation of enterprise alone doesn't ensure the improvement of knowledge competitiveness of industrial cluster. Knowledge competitiveness is the microcosmic innovation emerging in the macroscopically fact, which includes material effect (initial knowledge content, the knowledge use and innovation of the main parts), the configuration effect(the matching and cooperation among the main parts), the scale of the cluster, and relationship the between cluster and environment.â‘£By constructing an evaluation system, the author estimated and reviewed the competitiveness of the first state-leveled software clusters. The results are as follows:Beijing, shanghai are the first and get much more scores than others; Hangzhou, Nanjing Guangzhou and Jinan are the second and a great gap exists between the first and the second level, also these clusters are developed balanced and severity competition exists. The third level are Dalian, Chengdu and Xi'an, and they are not only low leveled but also developed most imbalanced.
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