| Innovation is an eternal theme in the development of the society. Over the past decades of reform and opening, technological innovation has turned out to be the power source, and strengthening China's capacity for technological innovation has turned out to be a key point to enhance national power. New models, which are beneficial to innovation are of great need for technology practice and theory. Two questions must be considered in formulating innovation activities: one is: what kind of supporting system should be chosen? And the other is: how to allocate elements of supporting system effectivelyThe city system and the region system, which are proved to be effective by theories and pratices, are conducive to innovation. Both of them remind us a third concept: metrapolitan regional innovation system (MRIS). And our practices reveal that MRIS, duing to its unique spatial hierarchical structure, enable the key players and resources of innovation could tranfer by the upgrading of industrial structure, by which means MRIS enables technology and knowledge flowing in the region. It gives an impetus to the development of regional integration, and the metrapolitan region has been an efficient regional innovation system. However, at present, the capacity of metrapolitan regions for innovation in China falls behind those of famous metrapolitan regions in other countries, a main reason is its ineffective allocation model. Therefore, the MRIS forms the main theme of this essay. It intends to solve the following problems:â‘ How is the spacial structure in the MRIS?â‘¡In the hierarchical structure of this system, how are the forms of innovation accumulation and diffusion?â‘¢H ow are the operating rules in this system?â‘£Which controlled parameters are the key factors influencing the innovative output? The thesis consists of eight chapters. The main research content goes as follows.Chapter 1 is the preface. This essay mainly introduces research background and significance, the research theme and content, research methods and technical routes, the research innovative points, and expatiates on the research framework.Chapter 2 is the literature reviews and the definition of MRIS. First, this chapter evaluates the theoretical researches on metropolitan region home and aboard in terms of the interiority of metropolitan region, the development mechanism of metropolitan region as well as the developing state of Chinese metropolitan region. Secondly, the chapter reviews the researching achievements related to the regional innovation system (RIS) by presenting threes aspects. That is, the related concepts the operational mechanism and operational efficiency. Finally, according to the reviews of references, this chapter arrives at a conclusion that there exists exploration in the researching topics, angles and methods related. Besides, this chapter defines the main concepts pertaining to the above researches with an aim to provide the exact researching scope to the sequential researching tasks.Chapter 3 is an analysis the spatial structure theory of MRIS. At the outset, this chapter analyses the characteristics of space of innovate activity in two perspectives of the technological innovation impact to the process of urbanization and the relationship between innovation and inter-outer space of region. Secondly, this chapter applies the allometry theory in biology to analyse the imbalance in the spatial hierarchical structure of metropolitan region and the mutual-effect mechanism motivating innovate activity. Moreover, this chapter concludes that the layer-divided to some extent is the result of the regional accessibility. Therefore, this chapter initially proposes a new concept--metropolitan technological potentiality in views of the reflection in the regional accessibility of geographical linking, and uses the spatial interaction theory as the reference to introduce the constructing of calculating formula related to the index of economy and technology. Finally, taking Yangtze River Delta for instance, this chapter calculates the technological potentiality of these cities with a result of dividing the spatial structure of sixteen cities around the Yangtze River Delta. And the research finally reveals that the market-leading spatial hierarchical structure has a sharp contrast with the policy planning in reality.Chapter 4 is an analysis of the subject elements in MRIS. This chapter will deal with the behaviours of the technological innovation and knowledge innovation in MRIS. Firstly, investigating the decision-making process of the spacial location of the enterprise from the perspectives of technology supplier and demand, a conclusion can be arrived at that factors of MRIS and profits space have impact on the choice of the location of the enterprise. Secondly, based on technology supply and demand, a function model will be established to examine the innovation activities of the enterprise in a certain hierarchical region. The relationship between the location choice of enterprise and evolution of the hierachical structure will be displayed from the function model which bases on the hierachial structure. Based on the models above, an important conclusion can be drawn that there is a relation between the innovation activities of the enterprise and the metrapolitian regional hierachial structure. Thirdly, the role, knowledge innovation plays in the metrapolitian regional innovation will be demonstrated from the perspective of cooperation innovation. Then various cooperative innovation models in MRIS have been explained and thus revealed the significance of cooperative innovation.Chapter 5 is an analysis of the resource elements in MRIS. Within the metropolitan area, innovation resource elements include: human resources, financial resources and innovation environment resources after materialization. This chapter will analyze each innovation resource element. First, this chapter will analyze the connotation of human resource element from the definition of regional human resources, composition and features of the innovation human resources and innovation effects. The influences on the innovation behaviors of an enterprise will also be analyzed by using functional model of labor assembling and R&D investing study. Secondly, this chapter is to explain the meaning, composition and features of innovation financial resources. On the basis of the non-marketing regulative feature of the government science and technology expenditure, we make use of and alter advisably the innovation subsidy model regarding the low efficiency of the governmental innovation pre-subsidy. Lastly, this chapter will also focus on the meaning of the innovation environment on material, institutional and spiritual level, meanwhile, the chapter will continue to alter the model variable in the study of human resources and classify the effects on the innovation position by environmental element in innovation system.Thus far, profound investigations of elements of innovation have been given under the circumstance of the metrapolitian regional hierachical structure which reveals that behaviours of various elements in the metrapolitian region are complicated. Therefore, the main target of the following research is to expore the way to effective allocation of elements by means of complex systematic quantitative analysis.Chapter 6 is the system dynamics analysis of the allocation of elements in MRIS. The research and conclusion above embody the complexity of MRIS and the connection of two contradictory sides of each innovation element in MRIS. This chapter chooses system dynamics, a complicated socioeconomic system research tool to quantatively analyze the allocation of elements in MRIS. In the first place, this chapter briefly explicates the applicability of the theory and mode of system dynamics in research of the allocation of elements in MRIS.In the second place, based on the conclusion of the analysis of dimensional structure and innovation elements in metropolitan regions in chapters above, present chapter mainly aims at the aggregation and diffusion function of the elements in MRIS in consideration of statistics collected, contriving variables and causal feedback route, division of variable category, composite flow diagram and fit the relation of variables. Starting from the practical meaning of experiments and the human resource, capital and material required in innovation, the present chapter chooses 12 constant parameters as controllable variables, studies the process of technological innovation, and selects 6 variables reflecting innovative production as output parameters from the 3 phases of invention patent, commercialization of technological products and scale of innovation subject.Thirdly, the Yangtze River Delta is still used as the emulate model of analysis. For the sake of convenience in model contriving, based on the analysis of actual demonstration in chapter 3, the research makes the first layer of the Yangtze River Delta the core zone, other cities being peripheral zone, checks and compares the moving situation of the system from year 2000 to 2006, and predicts the moving situation of the system ranging from year 2007 to 2012 in combination with the impact of global financial crisis. Finally, according to the experiment, this chapter summarizes key elements influencing innovative production and enterprise action, concludes several principal problems existed in innovative system in Yangtze River Delta so as to coordinate the unbalanced development of regional economy through the main function of the convergence and dispersion of innovative elements in metropolitan region, providing basis for later research to go out of the"Policy Lab"to analyze the allocation of innovation elements in Yangtze River Delta.Chapter 7 is an analysis of the innovation elements'configuration path of Yangtze River Delta. First of all, in order to promote the proliferation of industry, technology, knowledge in the region,the chapter, based on the results of the analysis, has proposed some relevant and specific measures to help amendment the difference between the Yangtze River Delta's metropolitan technological potential for the spatial hierarchical structure and policy planning which is determined by the market economy. Then, based on the experimental results and the actual situation of the Yangtze River Delta, the chapter has proposed some available path about the configuration of the innovation elements, aimed at providing recommendations to the development of the innovation system of the Yangtze River Delta.Chapter 8 is the summary and outlook. The chapter has given a summary and explaination to the main conclusion and contribution of the whole text, and has discussed about some issues which can be futher studied. Meanwhile, the chapter has analysed the direction of future study and the feasibility of study.Based on the above content, the article always follows the study line"lesson learned-qualitative theoretical analysis-the quantitative empirical analysis-policy recommendations", in which the theory connects with practice, and aims at reflecting the real value and significance of the research theme. Compared with the predecessors'research on the metropolitan region, the article's contribution and innovation mainly embodies in the following four aspects.1. The research topicThere's been a lot of discussion on metropolitan region and RIS in the previous research, most focus of which has been on the positive effect on society innovation activities by metropolitan region. However, there is not any research on metropolitan region as a RIS. The proposal of the concept of MRIS means the research centers on describing and analyzing the innovation input, output and pervation systematically and completely, which has been viewed as the process"black box"from the point of view of innovation activity. Therefore, to a large extent, the paper has been doing a lot of research work which is different from the previous research.2. The research content and perspectivesFirst of all, the main contents of this study are the spatial structure as the background. The root cause why metropolitan region can push the development of regional economy and become the new economic body of stronger innovative ability lies at its unbalanced spatial structure which has the funtion of powerful centralizing and difusing innovation element. Therefore, the paper takes"the spatial hierarchical structure"as an important influential factor to analyze the flowing format of innovation factor.In the second place, to foreground the research angle of the spatial hierarchical structure, in the analysis of Delta Region of Yangtze River, the paper, which bases on the layer-divided of 16 cities, collects the relevant statistics of each city, which is different from the previous research which simply takes the statistics from two provinces and one city.Thirdly, as the metropolitan regionis a complicated system of social economy, the research that is done from such considerations as technical innovation, space attributes, structure connection, and the connotation and accumulating-disseminating of innovation elements taken to picture the inner operating mechanism of the metropolitan region has rarely been involved in the past. This part of work is a meaningful and has a certain innovative attempt. In addition, taking the global influence by the current finanical crisis into account, something should be added to the research by adopting some experts'views and authorized data issued by the Government to adjust the controllabe variables, and to simulate and predicate the system operation results under the influence of external incidents.3. The research approachIn the analysis of the spatial hierarchical structure of metropolitan region, at first, the research will be interdisciplinarily done by borrowing the allometry theory from biology, the potential model from geography, and the law of Gravity from physics. In spite of the already application of the potential model to the reginal economy and the urban system, the uniqueness of this paper is that it not only gives the model calculation value the definition of"metropolitan technical potential", but also applies the indexes including patent output and GDP which mirror the progressive levels of economy and technique to the models by picking up the regional accessibility from the aspect of measuring the potential innvation capacity. When confirming the variables of spatial distance, the highway distance will be comparatively taken to measure the reginal accesibility by considering the major travel mode of social economic activities instead of the line distance between various cities.In the next place, system dynamics is another attempt in this research of the application in metropolitan regional innovation system. Although there are several studies which apply system dynamics to the analysis of RIS and "city innovation system", as well as some which apply new tools and techniques such as fractal theory, geographic information system and artificial neural networks to the analysis of the urban system, there is a certain difficulty to fulfill the deep combination of the above researches and spatial interaction. Therefore, from the hierarchical structure and innovation activities perspective, this essay does the researches on the newly emerging thing by making use of the mature and classic tools and designs the MRIS dynamics model including hierarchy and connection of layer which is relatively reliable and feasible research programs.To sum up, this article is across innovation management, the regional economic, urban planning, such as multidisciplinary research results. By emphasizing the discipline attributes of "technological innovation management" in the research direction all the time, insisting on the category of"various cities large metropolitan region"in the research object all the time, carrying out the main line of"spatial level structure"and"aggregation and diffusion of the innovation elements"in the formulation of research technology, this essay aims to further the theoretical studies more abundantly and deeply.
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